Supplementary Table 1. U-Pb geochronologic analyses of detrital zircon from Taxkorgan River

We have collected three new sand samples from Taxkorgan River in eastern Pamir syntaxis . Zircon separation was carried out from ~10 kg samples using conventional magnetic and density techniques to concentrate the non-magnetic, heavy fractions. Representative selections of zircons were then extracted by handpicking under a binocular microscope. Then, ~300 zircon grains were randomly selected and then cast into an epoxy mount and polished to obtain an even surface. And the mount was sanded down, polished and cleaned prior to isotopic analysis. U‐Pb geochronology of zircons was conducted by laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–MC–ICPMS) at the State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration. The analyses involve ablation of zircon with Resolution M50-LR ArF excimer laser ablation system using a spot diameter of 28 microns, and it is necessary to set the integration time of isotopes to be measured, including 15 ms for 204Pb, 206Pb and 208Pb, 30 ms for 207Pb, 10 ms for 232Th and 238U, and 6 ms for other trace elements using Agilent 7900 quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Li et al., 2019). Every set of ten samples analyses was followed by analysis of two zircons standard 91,500 and one zircon standard GJ-1, and the glass standard (Jackson et al., 2004). Common Pb was corrected using the method proposed by Andersen (2002). The experimental results were tuned by the standard program Glitter 4.0, and U‐Pb geochronology with concordance less than 90% were excluded. U‐Pb geochronology were output used by 206Pb/238U and 1σ if less than 1.2 Ga, unless use 207Pb/206Pb and 1σ (Nemchin and Cawood, 2005).本研究从东帕米尔构造结的塔什库尔干河采集了3件全新砂样。从约10kg的砂样中，采用常规磁选与密度分选技术富集非磁性重矿物组分以分离锆石，随后在双目显微镜下通过手选获取具有代表性的锆石颗粒。随机选取约300颗锆石颗粒，将其镶嵌于环氧树脂靶中并抛光以获得平整的分析表面；在开展同位素分析前，需对该靶体进行打磨、抛光与清洁处理。锆石U-Pb年代学分析在中国地震局地质研究所地震动力学国家重点实验室完成，采用激光剥蚀多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱（LA–MC–ICPMS）技术。本次分析使用Resolution M50-LR型ArF准分子激光剥蚀系统对锆石进行剥蚀，剥蚀斑径为28微米；搭配Agilent 7900型四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱仪，设置待测同位素的积分时间：204Pb、206Pb与208Pb为15毫秒，207Pb为30毫秒，232Th与238U为10毫秒，其余微量元素为6毫秒（Li等，2019）。每完成10件样品的分析后，均依次测定2件锆石标准物质91500、1件锆石标准物质GJ-1与玻璃标准物质（Jackson等，2004）。采用Andersen（2002）提出的方法对普通铅进行校正。实验数据通过标准程序Glitter 4.0进行校准处理，剔除谐和度低于90%的U-Pb年代学数据。对于年龄小于12亿年的样品，采用206Pb/238U比值及1σ标准偏差表征其U-Pb年代学结果；若年龄大于等于12亿年，则采用207Pb/206Pb比值及1σ标准偏差（Nemchin与Cawood，2005）。