Pixel-based dataset of flood depth, duration, land use, and exposed population in the Chao Phraya River Basin (1990–2020)

This dataset contains pixel-based information on flood depth, flood duration, land use, and exposed population in the Chao Phraya River Basin (CPRB), Thailand, for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. The data were derived from hydrological simulations using the Rainfall–Runoff–Inundation (RRI) model under consistent rainfall conditions, combined with land-use maps reclassified into five categories (forest, other agriculture, paddy field, urban area, and water). Flood depth and duration values were extracted from raster outputs and converted into point-based data for each pixel. Population exposure was overlaid from gridded population datasets to quantify human exposure to simulated inundation. The dataset supports statistical analyses of the relationships between land-use change, flood characteristics, and exposure, providing a basis for assessing the hydrological and socio-environmental impacts of land-use transitions in the CPRB.