中国国家生态屏障区—全球变化数据大百科辞条

生态安全是国家安全的重要组成部分。中国是世界上生态环境脆弱区分布面积最广、脆弱生态环境类型最多的国家之一，国家生态安全态势严峻。为了保障国家生态安全，统筹促进社会经济发展，国务院发改委在“十一五规划”提出了国家生态安全屏障构想。国家生态屏障是以大江大河重要水系为骨架，以点状分布的国家禁止开发区域为重要组成部分，结合不同功能的生态系统类型构建而成。中国国家生态屏障区空间数据集是基于国家主体功能区划制定的“两屏三带”生态安全战略示意图，在保证县域完整性的基础上，研发得到的范围界线。国家生态屏障区地理位置为22&deg26′40″N - 53&deg33′31″N，75&deg30′58″E - 134&deg22′0″E，包括青藏高原生态屏障区、川滇-黄土高原生态屏障、北方防沙带、东北森林带和南方丘陵山地带，其中，青藏高原生态屏障包括39个县，面积为931,511.08 &sup2；川滇-黄土高原生态屏障包括163个县，面积为409,453.53 &sup2；北方防沙带包括97个县，面积为869,215.81 ‬&sup2；东北森林带包括68个县，面积为615,989.04&sup2；南方丘陵山地带包括115个县，面积为288,704.90 &sup2。国家生态屏障区总面积共计3114,874.36 &sup2，边界线总长为45,432.25 ‬km。中国国家生态屏障区数据集是在Google Earth卫星影像和中国县域矢量边界地图等的综合基础上完成。数据集以.kmz 和.shp 数据格式存储，由8个数据文件组成，数据量4.57 MB（压缩成2个数据文件，3.72 MB）。

Ecological security is an important component of national security. China is one of the countries with the largest area of ecologically fragile regions and the most types of fragile ecological environments globally, with a severe national ecological security situation. To ensure national ecological security and coordinate the promotion of socio-economic development, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) of the State Council proposed the concept of national ecological security barriers in the 11th Five-Year Plan. National ecological barriers are constructed taking important water systems of major rivers as the framework, nationally prohibited development zones distributed in a point-like pattern as key components, and ecosystem types with different functions as supporting elements. The spatial dataset of China's national ecological barrier area is the boundary line developed based on the "Two Screens and Three Belts" ecological security strategic schematic formulated according to the national major function-oriented zoning, while ensuring the integrity of county-level administrative units. The geographical scope of the national ecological barrier area ranges from 22°26′40″N to 53°33′31″N and 75°30′58″E to 134°22′0″E. It includes the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecological barrier area, Sichuan-Yunnan-Loess Plateau ecological barrier, Northern Sandy Land Prevention Belt, Northeast Forest Belt, and Southern Hilly and Mountainous Area. Specifically, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecological barrier covers 39 counties with an area of 931,511.08 km²; the Sichuan-Yunnan-Loess Plateau ecological barrier covers 163 counties with an area of 409,453.53 km²; the Northern Sandy Land Prevention Belt covers 97 counties with an area of 869,215.81 km²; the Northeast Forest Belt covers 68 counties with an area of 615,989.04 km²; and the Southern Hilly and Mountainous Area covers 115 counties with an area of 288,704.90 km². The total area of the national ecological barrier area is 3,114,874.36 km², and the total length of its boundary line is 45,432.25 km. The China National Ecological Barrier Area Dataset was developed based on comprehensive data including Google Earth satellite imagery and China's county-level vector boundary maps. The dataset is stored in .kmz and .shp formats, consisting of 8 data files with a total size of 4.57 MB (compressed into 2 data files with a size of 3.72 MB).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集基于'两屏三带'生态安全战略框架，涵盖中国五大生态屏障区（包括青藏高原、川滇-黄土高原等），共482个县级行政区，总面积约311.4万平方公里，边界总长45,432.25公里。数据集通过整合Google Earth卫星影像和县级矢量图开发，以.kmz和.shp格式提供，旨在支持生态安全研究和国家规划。