Population density of Arabica coffee cultivars for bean quality and yield

ABSTRACT For the implantation of a coffee tree crop, aiming at a high yield, each cultivar, depending on the plant distribution and density, can express differently its results. This study aimed to evaluate the yield potential and grain quality of Arabica coffee cultivars grown under different spacings between rows and between plants. A randomized block design was used, with three replications, in a split-split-plot scheme, being the plots three coffee cultivars (Obatã IAC-1669-20, Tupi IAC-1669-33 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC-144), four spacings between rows (1.8 m, 2.0 m, 2.5 m and 3.0 m) and four spacings between plants in the row (0.5 m, 0.7 m, 0.8 m and 1.0 m), totaling 48 treatments. The type of coffee bean (flat, peaberry and elephant) and yield per hectare were evaluated. The Obatã cultivar showed the highest potential yield, in relation to Tupi and Catuaí Vermelho, and also the highest percentage of flat grains. The factors, in order of importance, that interfere with the potential yield of processed coffee are the cultivar and the spacing between rows and between plants.

摘要 为实现咖啡园高产栽培，不同咖啡品种在不同植株布局与种植密度下，其产量表现存在差异。本研究旨在评估不同行株距配置下种植的阿拉比卡咖啡（Arabica）品种的产量潜力与籽粒品质。本试验采用随机区组设计，设置3次重复，采用裂裂区试验方案：主区为3个咖啡品种，分别为奥巴塔（Obatã）IAC-1669-20、图皮（Tupi）IAC-1669-33以及卡杜艾红果（Catuaí Vermelho）IAC-144；副主区为4种行间距，即1.8 m、2.0 m、2.5 m与3.0 m；副区为4种株间距，即0.5 m、0.7 m、0.8 m与1.0 m，总计48个处理组。试验测定指标包括咖啡豆类型（平豆、圆豆与象豆）及公顷产量。相较于图皮与卡杜艾红果品种，奥巴塔品种展现出最高的产量潜力，同时其平豆占比也最高。对加工咖啡的产量潜力影响重要性由高到低的因素依次为咖啡品种、行间距与株间距。