MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION OF LUMPY SKIN DISEASE VIRUS BY STOMOXYS SPP (STOMOXYS CALSITRANS, STOMOXYS SITIENS, STOMOXYS INDICA), DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease in Kazakhstan and currently the means of transmission is uncertain. In the current study, mechanical transmission of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) by Stomoxys species from infected to naive animals has been demonstrated under laboratory conditions. Flies partially fed on LSDV infected cattle were placed onto recipient animals within a 1-hour time period to complete their feeding process. In addition to this, virus was isolated from all three Stomoxys species immediately and 6h post feeding on LSDV infected animal while virus DNA was detectable up to 48h post-feeding by PCR. Samples collected for PCR from recipient animals tested positive in 5 out of 6 cases, while the virus was isolated from 4 of 6 animals. The clinical signs exhibited by recipient animals were mostly moderate in nature with only one severe case. To our knowledge, this is the first time that transmission of LSDV by three Stomoxys species has been demonstrated and their role as mechanical vectors of LSDV is indicated.结节性皮肤病（Lumpy skin disease, LSD）是哈萨克斯坦境内的一种新发传染病，目前其传播途径尚未明确。本研究在实验室条件下证实，厩螫蝇属（Stomoxys）物种可机械性传播结节性皮肤病病毒（Lumpy Skin Disease Virus, LSDV），实现病毒从感染动物向易感动物的传递。研究中将部分吸食了LSDV感染牛血液的厩螫蝇，于1小时内转移至受体动物体表以完成剩余吸血过程。此外，研究人员分别在三种受试厩螫蝇物种吸食感染动物血液后即刻及6小时，从其体内分离到了病毒；经聚合酶链式反应（Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR）检测，则可在吸血后48小时内检出病毒DNA。对受体动物采集的PCR检测样本显示，6例样本中有5例呈阳性；病毒分离实验则在6只受体动物中成功分离出4只体内的病毒。受体动物表现出的临床症状多为中等程度，仅1例为重症病例。据我们所知，本研究首次证实了三种厩螫蝇属物种可介导LSDV传播，明确了其作为LSDV机械性传播媒介的作用。