Ephydridae: Shore Flies of Hawai'i IX

This cosmopolitan family of flies are very small, ranging from 0.9 to 7.0 mm in size. Morphologically, they are gray or black with patterned wings. As their common name implies, Ephydridae flies are aquatic or semi-aquatic, inhabiting a variety of wetland and seashore habitats, including alkaline lakes, salt and petroleum pools, hot springs and marshes. These ecologically diverse flies frequent coastlines and aquatic vegetation. Many larvae feed on aquatic plants and algae, while some are predatory (i.e. Trimerina genus). Due to this feeding behavior, some phytophagous species can cause damage to agricultural crops. On the other hand, some larvae and adults serve as an important food source for other animals, such as migratory birds. As adults, they exhibit similar feeding habits, feeding on algae, plants and bacteria. In Hawai'i, a majority of our native ephydrids are of the genus Scatella. This genus is widespread throughout the Pacific basin (Western Samoa, French Polynesia, Australia, New Zealand, Easter Island, and Hawai'i) and encompasses 135 species, 17 of which are Hawaiian and 15 that are endemic.  Please help transcribe the UHIM's shore flies collection in order to better help us understand their distribution and impact in Hawai'i.This expedition of 411 tasks is fully transcribed and validated.

该世界性分布的蝇类科个体体型极小，体长介于0.9至7.0毫米之间。从形态学角度来看，它们多呈灰黑色，翅膀带有斑纹。正如其通用名所示，水蝇科（Ephydridae）昆虫多为水生或半水生类群，栖息于各类湿地与海岸生境中，涵盖碱性湖泊、盐池与石油池、温泉以及沼泽等环境。这类生态多样性丰富的蝇类常出没于海岸线与水生植被区域。多数幼虫以水生植物与藻类为食，部分类群则为捕食性，例如驼水蝇属（Trimerina）。受其取食习性影响，部分植食性类群可对农业作物造成损害。另一方面，部分幼虫与成虫可作为候鸟等其他动物的重要食物来源。成虫则具有相似的取食习性，以藻类、植物及细菌为食。在夏威夷地区，本地原生的水蝇科类群绝大多数隶属于细口水蝇属（Scatella）。该属在整个太平洋盆地广泛分布（涵盖西萨摩亚、法属波利尼西亚、澳大利亚、新西兰、复活节岛以及夏威夷），共计包含135个物种，其中17种仅分布于夏威夷，15种为夏威夷特有种。请协助转录UHIM的海岸蝇类馆藏标本，以便我们更好地了解其在夏威夷的分布情况与生态影响。本次涵盖411项任务的转录工作已全部完成并通过验证。