Turbulent structures at the bottom of the Gobi desert boundary layer and their impact on aeolian sand transport and dust emission

This dataset was designed to examine the behavior of turbulent flow structures over gobi surfaces and the impact of these structures on the sand transport rate and dust emission flux. Synchronous high-frequency measurements of two time series of 3-D wind speed(1Hz), PM10 concentration(1Hz) and saltating particle count rate (1Hz) over a gobi surface (40.04°N, 94.79°E) in two transport events (10:27 to 14:23 on May 12, 2021, and 14:12 to 16:30 on May 21, 2021) have been presented. Wind velocity was measured by a RM Young 81000 Ultrasonic anemometer, situated at the height of 0.4 m above the gobi surface at a time interval of 1 s, recorded by a Campbell CR 1000 datalogger. The profile of saltating grain number was measured by two piezoelectric impact sensors (H11-LIN, Sensit) at heights of 0.01and 0.05 m above the gobi surface with a measurement frequency of 1 Hz, also recorded by a Campbell CR 1000 datalogger. The PM10 concentration was measured using the U.S. handheld 3016 laser particle counter at heights of 0.05and 0.3 m above the gobi surface. The particle size monitoring range was 0.3~25μm, and the data collecting interval was set to 1s. Aeolian saltation flux profiles over gobi were measured by a sand traps deployed at heights of 0-0.025 m and 0.025-0.05m. Sand transport rate at 1 Hz can be obtained based on high-frequency time series of Sensit particle counts and low-frequency flux measurements of sand traps.本数据集旨在探究戈壁下垫面上方湍流流动结构的行为特征，以及此类结构对输沙率与粉尘排放通量的影响。本数据集包含2021年5月12日10:27至14:23、2021年5月21日14:12至16:30两次风沙输运事件中，戈壁观测站点（40.04°N，94.79°E）的同步高频观测时序数据，具体包括三维风速（采样频率1Hz）、PM10浓度（采样频率1Hz）与跃移颗粒计数率（采样频率1Hz）三组时间序列。三维风速由RM Young 81000型超声波风速仪（RM Young 81000 Ultrasonic anemometer）测定，该仪器布设于戈壁表面上方0.4m高度处，采样间隔为1s，观测数据通过Campbell CR 1000型数据记录仪（Campbell CR 1000 datalogger）存储。跃移颗粒数廓线由两台压电式冲击传感器（型号H11-LIN，厂商Sensit）测定，布设于戈壁表面上方0.01m与0.05m高度处，采样频率为1Hz，观测数据同样由Campbell CR 1000型数据记录仪记录。PM10浓度采用美国产手持式3016型激光粒子计数器测定，布设于戈壁表面上方0.05m与0.3m高度处，该仪器的粒径监测范围为0.3~25μm，数据采集间隔设为1s。戈壁上方的风成跃移通量廓线由两套集沙仪测定，分别覆盖0~0.025m与0.025~0.05m的高度范围。基于Sensit传感器采集的高频颗粒计数时序数据与集沙仪的低频通量观测数据，可计算得到采样频率为1Hz的输沙率。