Mark-recapture estimates for the abundance (individuals per hectare) of the end-of-season YOY carp in each study lake.

The lakes were either stocked with bluegills or not (controls). In most lakes, three or four surveys yielded more than 20 recaptures, and surveying was deemed complete. In some cases, where recapture rates were low, sampling continued for up to 11 surveys. In lakes were no YOY carp were captured in the first three surveys, the population was assumed to be zero.