Previously estimated ages of the Mormyroidea and the Gymnotiformes.

1Identified as Marcusenius sp. in Kumazawa and Nishida [83]; 2the order Characiformes was found not to be monophyletic by Peng et al. [84].
Ages were inferred from direct evidence (based on the fossil record, with strict minimum ages [70], [72], [94], [148]) or via indirect evidence (molecular-based estimates [82]–[87]). Ages are given as millions of years ago (Mya). Following convention, daggers (†) indicate extinct taxa.