Rapid-response digital elevation models of the 2020–present summit eruptions at Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi (updated 2025-09-16)

We depict changing eruptive features within the summit caldera of Kilauea volcano, Island of Hawai'i with rapid-response digital elevation models (DEMs) acquired since a series of caldera-filling effusive eruptions began on December 20, 2020. These eruptions follow the caldera collapse of 2018, with new lava progressively filling the approximately 1-cubic-kilometer pit that formed between May and August of that year. The majority of the provided DEMs were constructed via structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry from either helicopter or uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) overflight images, with the remainder constructed via terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) from the Halema'uma'u crater rim. These data were collected and processed using streamlined techniques to provide rapid-response representations of topography inside the caldera, with mid-grade process settings and approximate georeferencing.