Residual film reduces yield and water-nitrogen use efficiencies by hindering root-shoot growth of summer maize

Residual film significantly affected the specific root length, specific root surface area, root-shoot ratio and leaf area index of maize.残膜（Residual film）对玉米的比根长（specific root length）、比根表面积（specific root surface area）、根冠比（root-shoot ratio）及叶面积指数（leaf area index）均具有显著影响。