Summary of Pacific Salmon Escapement Goals in Alaska with a Review of Escapements from 2001 to 2009

This dataset is compiled from Tables 1-4 from the report "Summary of Pacific salmon escapement goals in Alaska with a review of escapements from 2001 to 2009.” Escapement is defined as the number of mature salmon migrating from the marine environment to freshwater streams. Escapement data are the enumeration of these migrating fish as they pass upstream, and are a widely used index of spawning salmon abundance. These data are important for fisheries management, since most salmon harvest occurs in freshwater rivers during this migration. As a part of management of these salmon stocks, some Alaskan river systems are assigned escapement goals, which generally represent the number of salmon that need to be given the opportunity to spawn to ensure survival of the stock. Generally there are three common types of escapement goals. Biological Escapement Goals (BEGs) are defined in Alaska fishery regulations 5 AAC 39.222(f) as "the escapement that provides the greatest potential for maximum sustained yield." Sustainable Escapement Goals (SEGs) are defined in the same section as "a level of escapement, indicated by an index or an escapement estimate, that is known to provide for sustained yield over a 5 to 10 year period, used in situations where a BEG cannot be estimated or managed for." Optimal Escapement Goals (OEGs) are defined as "a specific management objective for salmon escapement that considers biological and allocative factors and may differ from the SEG or BEG."本数据集编译自报告《阿拉斯加太平洋鲑鱼洄游产卵目标综述及2001-2009年洄游种群数量回顾》中的表1至表4。洄游产卵种群（escapement）被定义为成熟鲑鱼从海洋环境洄游至淡水溪流的个体数量。洄游产卵种群数据即对这些溯河洄游鱼类的计数，是衡量产卵鲑鱼种群丰度的通用指标。此类数据对渔业管理至关重要，因为多数鲑鱼捕捞活动均发生在该洄游阶段的淡水河道中。作为鲑鱼种群管理的重要环节，部分阿拉斯加河流水系被划定了洄游产卵目标，该目标通常指需保障足够数量的鲑鱼获得产卵机会以维持种群存续的种群规模。当前常见的洄游产卵目标共三类：生物类洄游产卵目标（Biological Escapement Goals, BEGs）在阿拉斯加渔业条例5 AAC 39.222(f)中被定义为“可实现最大可持续产量潜力的洄游产卵种群数量”；可持续类洄游产卵目标（Sustainable Escapement Goals, SEGs）在同一条例条款中被定义为“通过指标或洄游产卵种群估算值表征的种群水平，可保障5至10年周期内的可持续产量，适用于无法估算或管理生物类洄游产卵目标的场景”；最优类洄游产卵目标（Optimal Escapement Goals, OEGs）被定义为“兼顾生物学与分配因素的鲑鱼洄游产卵种群特定管理目标，其数值可能与可持续类或生物类洄游产卵目标存在差异”