Effect of Flunitrazepam on Decomposition and Forensically Important Insects Colonization of Pig Carcasses

The research investigated the effects of Rohypnol on insect colonization and decomposition patterns in forensic entomology. The hypothesis was that increasing concentrations of Rohypnol would reduce insect abundance and prolong decomposition stages while maintaining consistent insect succession patterns. The study used four domestic pigs (Sus scrofa Linnaeus), with one serving as a control and three receiving different doses of Rohypnol (1 mg/250 ml, 2 mg/250 ml, and 3 mg/250 ml) dissolved in vodka before euthanasia. Carcasses were placed in individual metal cages at the University of Nairobi’s Veterinary Farm, Upper Kabete, and monitored under natural environmental conditions for 120 days.
Data collection focused on insect colonization patterns across five decomposition stages: fresh, bloated, active decay, advanced decay, and dry remains. Insects were sampled daily for the first eight days, twice daily for the next eight days, and once daily until the dry remains stage. Sampling methods included aerial nets, pitfall traps, and forceps from natural body openings and wounds. Maggot samples were preserved in 75% ethanol or reared to adulthood for species identification. Specimens were classified using standard entomological keys, and species abundance was recorded at different time points.
The first dataset includes insect species identification, abundance, and temporal distribution across decomposition stages. Calliphoridae was the most abundant family across all groups, followed by Muscidae and Sarcophagidae. Insect abundance decreased with increasing Rohypnol concentration, but species composition and succession patterns remained consistent. The decomposition process was prolonged in Rohypnol-exposed carcasses, suggesting a potential inhibitory effect of the drug on insect attraction or development.
The second dataset contains meteorological data from the study site, including temperature, humidity, and other environmental variables recorded throughout the study. These data provide context for understanding decomposition rates and insect activity under specific climatic conditions.
This dataset is valuable for forensic entomologists studying drug-induced variations in insect activity and post-mortem interval estimation. Researchers can use it to analyze species-specific decomposition timelines, compare insect succession across environmental conditions, and refine forensic methodologies for estimating time since death in drug-related cases.