Data from: Phylogenetic relationships in Calyptranthes (Myrtaceae) with particular emphasis on its monophyly relative to Myrcia s. l.

Calyptranthes is the largest clade of Myrcia s. l., and is a group of considerable diversity in the threatened Atlantic forest biome of Brazil, as well as in the Amazon, Caribbean, and Cerrado. Here an expanded, geographically and morphologically representative sample of Calyptranthes is tested for monophyly; the majority of species are shown to emerge as a monophyletic clade embedded within Myrcia s. l. A single species, Calyptranthes multiflora, emerges in an independent clade, suggesting wider non-monophyly. Patterns of relationships within the group are detected, and these correlate more closely with geography than with morphology, and suggest that the oldest lineages of Calyptranthes are from what is now the Amazon forest, with later radiations to the Caribbean, Atlantic forest, and Cerrado biomes.杯萼木属（Calyptranthes）是广义香桃木属（Myrcia s. l.）中最大的演化支，在受威胁的巴西大西洋森林生物群系，以及亚马孙、加勒比地区与塞拉多（Cerrado）生物群系中均具有极高的物种多样性。本研究选取经过扩充、在地理与形态学层面均具代表性的杯萼木属样本，对其单系性（monophyly）开展验证；结果显示绝大多数物种可形成嵌入广义香桃木属内部的单系演化支。仅多花杯萼木（Calyptranthes multiflora）单独形成独立演化支，这表明杯萼木属整体存在更广泛的非单系现象。研究还揭示了该类群内部的亲缘关系格局，此类格局与地理分布的关联度显著高于形态特征，且表明杯萼木属最古老的支系起源于现今的亚马孙雨林，后续通过辐射演化扩散至加勒比地区、大西洋森林与塞拉多生物群系。