Raw microbial data from 16S rRNA sequencing

Accurate post-mortem-interval (PMI) estimation remains a major challenge in forensic science. Microbial succession offers a promising biological clock, yet the influence of toxicants on internal microbiota remains poorly defined during decomposition. Here, we established a bromadiolone-poisoning rat model and collected gut and rectal swabs every 6 h for 96 h. These results show that bromadiolone exposure drives site-specific microbial shifts yet leaves sufficiently regular signals for high-accuracy PMI estimation. Gradient Boosting offers the most precise and interpretable framework, highlighting the importance of integrating anatomical location and toxicological context into microbiome-based PMI models.