Dynamics of the Apostichopus californicus-associated flavivirus under suboxic conditions and organic matter amendment in mesocosm experiment

Flaviviruses cause some of the most detrimental vertebrate diseases, yet little is known of their impacts on invertebrates. Microbial activities at the animal-water interface are hypothesized to influence viral replication and possibly contribute to pathology of echinoderm wasting diseases due to hypoxic stress. We assessed the impacts of enhanced microbial production and suboxic stress on Apostichopus californicus (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:529363) associated flavivirus (PcaFV) load in a mesocosm experiment. Organic matter amendment and suboxic stress resulted in lower PcaFV load, which also correlated negatively with animal mass loss and microbial activity at the animal-water interface. These data suggest that PcaFV replication and persistence was best supported in healthier specimens. Our results do not support the hypothesis that suboxic stress or microbial activity promote PcaFV replication, but rather that PcaFV appears to be a neutral or beneficial symbiont of Apostichopus californicus. This primary dataset contains per-specimen measurements including experimental treatments, microbial productivity (animal surface and mesocosm water), body wall lipid/protein content, animal mass loss, tissue-specific PcaFV viral loads at initial and final timepoints, and collection metadata. The supplemental file provides time-series measurements of dissolved oxygen and temperature in mesocosms, indexed by tank number, treatment, and timestamp.黄病毒（Flaviviruses）可引发多种危害极为严重的脊椎动物疾病，但目前学界对其在无脊椎动物身上的影响仍知之甚少。有假说认为，动物-水界面的微生物活动会影响病毒复制，且可能参与介导低氧胁迫引发的棘皮动物消瘦症的病理进程。本研究借助一项中型实验生态系统（mesocosm）实验，评估了强化微生物代谢活性与低氧胁迫对加州海参（Apostichopus californicus，urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:529363）关联黄病毒（PcaFV）载量的影响。结果显示，有机质添加与低氧胁迫处理组的PcaFV载量更低，且该载量与动物体重流失量、动物-水界面的微生物活性均呈显著负相关。上述数据表明，PcaFV的复制与存续在健康状态更佳的海参个体中得到了最优支持。本研究结果并不支持“低氧胁迫或微生物活性会促进PcaFV复制”的假说，反而揭示PcaFV实为加州海参的中性或有益共生体。本原始数据集包含单只个体的各项测量数据，具体包括实验分组信息、微生物生产力（动物体表及中型实验生态系统水体）、体壁脂质/蛋白质含量、动物体重流失量、初始与终末时间点的组织特异性PcaFV病毒载量，以及样本采集元数据。补充文件则提供了按养殖缸编号、处理组与时间戳索引的中型实验生态系统内溶解氧与温度的时序测量数据。