Development and application of antibody-drug conjugates in gynecological cancers

Gynecological cancer poses a serious threat to women’s health. Despite significant advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapeutic strategies for gynecological cancers, substantial challenges persist, including limited response rates, inevitable resistance, and adverse effects. In recent years, a milestone in gynecological cancer therapy has been the approval of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the structural features, mechanisms of action, and molecular characteristics of ADCs that have been approved and are currently under development. Their clinical applications and associated challenges have also been highlighted. Finally, we discuss the prospects of ADCs in the treatment of gynecological cancers.