Changes in fermentation profile and microbiome of rumen and hindgut, milk performance in lactating cows fed liquid fermented concentrate supplements

This project aims to evaluate the effects of replacing conventional concentrates with liquid fermented feed (FLF) on the production performance, digestion metabolism, and health status of lactating dairy cows. By comparing the feed efficiency, milk yield, digestibility, blood biochemical parameters, and changes in the rumen and gut microbiota between the FLF group and the control group, this study investigates the potential of liquid fermented feed to improve feed efficiency, reduce feed costs, and enhance dairy cow health. The findings will provide new strategies and scientific evidence for dairy farming management and the sustainable development of the dairy industry.