Replication Data for: Boundaries of Solidarity: Immigrants, Economic Contributions, and Welfare Attitudes

In the politics of welfare, citizens often prioritize natives over immigrants. What conditions reduce welfare discrimination against immigrants? Original survey experiments from the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy reveal that the divide between natives and immigrants remains the fundamental cleavage in the politics of welfare. All immigrants face welfare penalties, including immigrants from Western countries. Even young, progressive, highly educated, and economically secure native citizens strongly penalize immigrants. While immigrants never fully overcome identity barriers, the welfare support gap between natives and immigrants decreases when immigrants have a long work history. A history of employment provides evidence of reciprocity through past contributions and signals immigrants’ commitment to the community. Other immigrants’ characteristics, such as higher education and proactive work attitude, fail to decrease the gap. This article contributes to the study of solidarity in diverse societies and the impact of immigration on the welfare state.在福利政治领域，公民往往更偏向本国国民而非移民。哪些条件能够缓解针对移民的福利歧视？来自美国、英国、法国与意大利的原创性调查实验显示，本国国民与移民之间的分歧仍是福利政治中的核心分野。所有移民均会遭受福利歧视性惩罚，即便是来自西方国家的移民亦不例外。即便年轻、持进步主义立场、受过高等教育且经济状况稳定的本国国民，也会对移民施加强烈的福利惩罚。尽管移民始终无法完全打破身份壁垒，但当移民拥有长期就业经历时，本国国民与移民之间的福利支持差距会有所缩小。就业经历能够证明移民过往的贡献，体现互惠性原则，同时也传递出移民对接收社区的投入与承诺。移民的其他特征，如高等教育背景与积极的工作态度，均无法缩小这一差距。本文为多元社会中的社会团结研究以及移民对福利国家的影响研究作出了学术贡献。