Table_1_Differences in soil physicochemical properties and rhizosphere microbial communities of flue-cured tobacco at different transplantation stages and locations.xlsx

Rhizosphere microbiota play an important role in regulating soil physical and chemical properties and improving crop production performance. This study analyzed the relationship between the diversity of rhizosphere microbiota and the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco at different transplant times (D30 group, D60 group and D90 group) and in different regions [Linxiang Boshang (BS) and Linxiang ZhangDuo (ZD)] by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that there were significant differences in the physicochemical properties and rhizosphere microbiota of flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soil at different transplanting times, and that the relative abundance of Bacillus in the rhizosphere microbiota of the D60 group was significantly increased. RDA and Pearson correlation analysis showed that Bacillus, Streptomyces and Sphingomonas were significantly correlated with soil physical and chemical properties. PIGRUSt2 function prediction results showed that compared with the D30 group, the D60 group had significantly increased metabolic pathways such as the superpathway of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside salvage, allantoin degradation to glyoxylate III and pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis III metabolic pathways. The D90 group had significantly increased metabolic pathways such as ubiquitol-8 biosynthesis (prokaryotic), ubiquitol-7 biosynthesis (prokaryotic) and ubiquitol-10 biosynthesis (prokaryotic) compared with the D60 group. In addition, the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in the BS region were significantly higher than those in the ZD region, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacillus in the rhizosphere microbiota of flue-cured tobacco in the BS region at the D60 transplant stage was significantly higher than that in the ZD region. In addition, the results of the hierarchical sample metabolic pathway abundance map showed that the PWY-6572 metabolic pathway was mainly realized by Paenibacillus, and that the relative abundance of flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere microbiota (Paenibacillus) participating in PWY-6572 in the D60 transplant period in the BS region was significantly higher than that in the ZD region. In conclusion, different transplanting periods of flue-cured tobacco have important effects on soil physical and chemical properties and rhizosphere microbial communities. There were significant differences in the rhizosphere microbiota and function of flue-cured tobacco in different regions, which may affect the performance and quality of this type of tobacco.

根际微生物群在调节土壤物理化学性质以及提升作物产量性能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究通过高通量测序技术，分析了不同移栽时期（D30组、D60组和D90组）及不同区域[林乡薄尚（BS）和林乡张多（ZD）]烟株根际微生物群多样性与其产量和质量之间的关系。研究结果表明，烟株根际土壤的理化性质和根际微生物群在不同移栽时期存在显著差异，且D60组根际微生物群中芽孢杆菌的相对丰度显著增加。冗余分析（RDA）和皮尔逊相关分析显示，芽孢杆菌、链霉菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌与土壤理化性质显著相关。PIGRUSt2功能预测结果显示，与D30组相比，D60组的代谢途径如嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷酸挽救途径、尿囊素降解为甘油酸III和嘧啶脱氧核苷酸从头合成III代谢途径显著增加。与D60组相比，D90组的代谢途径如8-泛醇的生物合成（原核生物）、7-泛醇的生物合成（原核生物）和10-泛醇的生物合成（原核生物）显著增加。此外，BS区域的烟叶产量和质量显著高于ZD区域，且在BS区域D60移栽阶段的烟株根际微生物群中厚壁菌门和芽孢杆菌的相对丰度显著高于ZD区域。此外，层次样本代谢途径丰度图谱的结果显示，PWY-6572代谢途径主要由泛菌属实现，且在BS区域D60移栽期间参与PWY-6572的烟株根际微生物群（泛菌属）的相对丰度显著高于ZD区域。总之，烟叶的不同移栽时期对土壤物理化学性质和根际微生物群落具有显著影响。不同区域的烟株根际微生物群及其功能存在显著差异，这可能会影响此类烟草的性能与品质。