Wetland study on the Arc mosellan

According to L.211-1 of the Environmental Code, I. — 1° [...] Wetland means land, whether or not operated, usually flooded or engrown with fresh water, salted or brackish on a permanent or temporary basis; vegetation, where it exists, is dominated by hygrophilic plants for at least part of the year; [...] Article R.211-108 of the same code states: • the criteria to be used relate to soil morphology linked to the prolonged presence of original water natural and possible presence of hygrophilic plants, • in the absence of hygrophilic vegetation, soil morphology is sufficient to define a wetland, • the delimitation of wetlands is carried out using flood or groundwater levels, or tidal frequencies and amplitudes. Field diagnostics refer to areas with hydrological criteria (flooding or frequent waterlogging) and/or soil (soil showing a water-saturated environment) and/or botanical (vegetation dominated by hygrophilic plants) of wetlands. They always use field surveys to justify the verification of these criteria. These areas are more specific than wetlands, but are not always exhaustive. Indeed, depending on the methodology used (flora and/or pedology), some wetlands may not be identified. When actual wetlands are demarcated according to the definition of the Environmental Code and on the basis of the criteria detailed in the Order of 24 June 2008 as amended on 1 October 2009, then it is referred to as regulatory delimitation or “water policy” wetlands. These areas are defined if the soil and flora criteria are verified, except where the vegetation present is not “spontaneous”. In this case, the soil criterion alone is sufficient to determine the wetland (see Technical Note of 26 June 2017 on the characterisation of wetlands — in particular for the definition of “spontaneous” vegetation). In the case of a project, it is up to the petitioner to prove that his project is not wetland or, if not, to delimit them by regulation. Maps of predominantly wetlands available on the project’s right-of-way are not sufficient to prove the absence of wetlands.依据《环境法典》第L.211-1条第1款：[...] 湿地（wetland）指无论是否经过开发利用，长期或临时性被淡水、咸水或半咸水淹没或浸渍的土地；若存在植被，则其在一年中至少一段时期以湿生植物（hygrophilic plants）为优势种；[...] 同一法典第R.211-108条规定： • 判定标准需与长期自然水体存在相关的土壤形态，以及湿生植物的自然存在可能性相关联； • 若区域未出现湿生植被，仅依靠土壤形态即可将其界定为湿地； • 湿地的边界可通过洪水水位、地下水位，或潮汐频率与振幅进行划定。 野外湿地诊断（field diagnostics）指具备湿地判定所需的水文标准（洪水或频繁渍水）、土壤标准（呈现水饱和环境的土壤）以及/或植物学标准（以湿生植物为优势的植被）的区域。此类诊断均需通过野外调查验证上述判定标准。此类区域的范围比湿地更为具体，但并非总能覆盖所有湿地。实际上，依据所采用的研究方法（植物学和/或土壤学），部分湿地可能无法被识别。 当依据《环境法典》的定义，并结合2008年6月24日政令（2009年10月1日修订）中详述的判定标准划定实际湿地时，此类划定方式被称为法定边界湿地或"水政策（water policy）"湿地。此类区域仅在土壤与植物学标准均得到验证的情况下方可划定，但当现有植被非"自然萌发（spontaneous）"植被时除外（详见2017年6月26日《湿地特征识别技术说明》，特别是关于"自然萌发植被"的定义部分）。 针对项目场景，应由申请人证明其项目区域不属于湿地；若属于湿地，则需通过法定程序划定湿地边界。仅凭借项目用地范围内的主要湿地分布图，不足以证明该区域不存在湿地。