Migration chain: Departure — DT & V Identity determination and (replacement) travel documents — travel documents LP and T & O

See the “State of Migration” or “Reportage Aliens Chain” (until 2020) for a substantive explanation of the data in this dataset. See Chapter “Methodology” for a number of aspects to be taken into account when interpreting the data. The “State of Migration” and “Reportage Aliens Chain” can be downloaded from the site www.Rijksoverheid.nl Below you will find an updated explanation of the data in the files. In order to return, it is necessary for foreigners to have access to the country of origin. This can be done on the basis of a valid passport or a replacement travel document, usually a laissez-passer issued by the country of origin. Aliens who no longer have the correct documents can, possibly with the support of the DT&V, request (replacement) travel documents from their diplomatic representation for independent departure. However, part of the aliens without lawful residence does not leave the Netherlands independently and is not willing to cooperate in establishing identity and nationality. For those aliens, the DT&V asks the presumed country of origin to establish the nationality and to provide a (replaced) travel document for return. This is the so-called “laissez-passer process”. A return or readmission application is submitted to countries with which a readmission and readmission agreement (T&O) has been concluded. This is called the T&O process. A request to establish nationality has three possible outcomes: 1) The authorities of the country concerned establish that the person concerned holds the nationality of that country or otherwise has the right of residence in the country; 2) The authorities of the country concerned establish that the person concerned does not have the nationality of the country or that he cannot be confirmed; 3) The DT & V decides to withdraw the application. Ad 1. As a rule, a nationality established by the country of origin means that the country of origin also declares itself prepared to issue a replacement travel document (laissez-passer). The DT&V asks the country of origin to provide a laissez-passer only on a scheduled flight. Among other things, subsequent residency procedures and interim exclusion from the supervision of the Government of the Netherlands mean that not all established nationalities result in the actual issuance of a laissez-passer and departure from the Netherlands. Ad 2. This means that the person concerned is not a national or that the nationality cannot be established on the basis of the information provided. Such an answer may give direction to the follow-up process. The reaction that the person concerned does not have the nationality of the country cannot, in principle, be criticised for that country. Often these are cases in which foreigners themselves have not provided sufficient information to be able to establish their identity and/or actually come from another country. Ad 3. The DT&V can withdraw a request for a variety of reasons, for example because there is no response from the country of origin for quite some time. In addition, it occurs that aliens evade the supervision of the national government or are still granted a residence permit. When interpreting the data, there are a number of aspects that need to be taken into account. — The individual tables do not constitute a cohort. — All numbers are rounded to dozens. For privacy reasons, numbers smaller than 5 are not displayed. — Because the numbers are rounded to dozens, deviations may arise when adding details from, for example, the annual total. In case of detailed rules with nationalities, the deviation can be significant. For this reason, the totals are also included in the file. — Each line in the file contains at least one column “Total of” and a number. The column “Total of” shows the contents of the number. For example, the line with “Year” in the “Total of” column indicates the annual total. The lines with “Year, Month” in the “Total of” column indicate the total number for each year and month. — Always use only one “total of” per item to avoid double counting. — The numbers mentioned in the “Reportage Aliens Chain” serve as a frame of reference. The stocks are published annually over the previous year. Files from previous years remain available and are no longer updated.本数据集的数据详实阐释可参阅《移民现状》（State of Migration）或《外籍人员链专题报道》（Reportage Aliens Chain，截至2020年）。解读数据时需考量的若干要点，请参见《方法论》（Methodology）章节。上述两份资料均可从网址www.Rijksoverheid.nl下载。 下文将对本数据集文件中的数据进行更新说明。 外籍人员若需遣返回国，须获准返回其原籍国。该准入可凭有效护照或替代旅行证件实现，此类证件通常由原籍国签发的通行证件（laissez-passer）担任。对于无法提供有效证件的外籍人员，可在DT&V的协助下，向其本国外交代表机构申请（替代）旅行证件，以便自行离境。 但部分无合法居留身份的外籍人员既无法自行离开荷兰，也不愿配合身份与国籍核查。针对此类人员，DT&V将向其推定原籍国提出申请，请求确认其国籍并提供用于遣返的（替代）旅行证件，此流程即所谓的"通行证件办理流程"（laissez-passer process）。对于与荷兰签订重新接纳协定（T&O）的国家，荷兰将向其提交遣返或重新接纳申请，该流程称为"T&O流程"。 国籍核查申请存在三种可能的结果： 1. 有关国家主管部门确认申请人具有该国国籍，或享有该国居留权； 2. 有关国家主管部门确认申请人不具有该国国籍，或无法核实其身份； 3. DT&V决定撤回申请。 情形1：通常情况下，原籍国确认的国籍意味着该国愿意签发替代旅行证件（laissez-passer）。DT&V仅会要求原籍国为定期航班签发通行证件。后续居留程序以及临时脱离荷兰政府监管等因素，会导致并非所有已确认的国籍都能最终实现通行证件的签发与离境。 情形2：此结果指有关人员不具有该国国籍，或无法根据现有信息核实其国籍。此类结论可为后续流程提供指引。原则上，有关国家作出的"申请人不具有该国国籍"的答复不应受到非议。此类情况通常是由于外籍人员自身未提供足够信息，导致无法核实其身份，或其实际原籍为其他国家。 情形3：DT&V可因多种原因撤回申请，例如原籍国长时间未作出答复。此外，也存在外籍人员逃避荷兰政府监管，或仍获得了居留许可的情况。 解读本数据集数据时，需关注以下若干要点： —— 各独立表格并非同一队列数据。 —— 所有数值均已四舍五入至十位。出于隐私保护，数值小于5的条目将不予展示。 —— 由于数值按十位四舍五入，分项累加后可能与年度总计存在偏差。针对国籍细分的统计条目，偏差可能尤为显著。因此，数据文件中同时包含总计数值。 —— 数据文件中的每一行至少包含一个"Total of"列及对应数值。"Total of"列将说明该数值的统计维度。例如，"Total of"列为"Year"的行代表年度总计；"Total of"列为"Year, Month"的行代表对应年月的总计数值。 —— 每项统计仅使用一次"Total of"维度，以避免重复计数。 —— 《外籍人员链专题报道》（Reportage Aliens Chain）中提及的数值仅作为参考基准。 存量数据每年均会对上一年度的数据进行更新发布。过往年份的数据文件仍可获取，但不再进行更新。