Introduction Herbal medications have been utilized for centuries to treat various ailments, yet their potential to induce renal damage is often underestimated. The popularity of herbal remedies, espec
Drugs and other xenobiotics are not only secreted/reabsorbed by the renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC) but may also adversely impact kidney function. In vitro models that can afford predic
Bismuth drugs have long been used against gastrointestinal diseases, especially the gastric infection of Helicobacter pylori. Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug that tends to accumulate at ren