Lower Extremity Model

This project holds all the files necessary for a SIMM-based musculoskeletal model of the human lower-extremity which can also be easily imported and used in OpenSIM. In order to respect the time and effort put in by the original developers please carefully read accompanying publications and cite appropriate references in future work. The links to the left contain all the files (Downloads) and documentation (Documents) related to the model.<hr> </hr><b>Please cite the following paper:</b>-Delp, S.L., Loan, J.P., Hoy, M.G., Zajac, F.E., Topp E.L., Rosen, J.M.: An interactive graphics-based model of the lower extremity to study orthopaedic surgical procedures, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 37, pp. 757-767, 1990.<hr> </hr><b>About the model:</b>Originally developed in DATE by Scott Delp to examine how surgical changes in musculoskeletal geometry and muscle architecture affect muscle force and joint motion this model uses seven segments and seven degrees-of-freedom to represent the human lower extremity. The model is about 1.8m tall and has the strength of a young, adult male. Muscle lines of action for forty-three muscle-tendon actuators are based on their anatomical relationships to three-dimensional surface representations of bones. A model for each actuator was formulated to compute its isometric force-length relation. The kinematics of the lower extremity were specified by modeling the hip, knee, ankle, subtalar, and metatarsophalangeal joints. Thus, the force and joint moment that each muscle-tendon actuator develops can be computed for any body position. The joint moments calculated with the model compare well with experimentally measured isometric joint moments.<hr> </hr> <br/><br/>This project includes the following software/data packages: <br/> <ul> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=321#pack_480">Lower Extremity Model </a> : SIMM model of the human lower-extremity. </li> </ul>

本工程项目汇集了构建基于SIMM方法的仿真人类下肢骨骼肌肉模型所需的所有文件，该模型可便捷地导入至OpenSIM中进行使用。为尊重原始开发者的辛勤付出，请务必仔细阅读随附的出版物，并在未来的研究中恰当引用相关参考文献。左侧链接包含与模型相关的所有文件（下载）和文档（文档）。

请引用以下论文：

-Delp, S.L.，Loan, J.P.，Hoy, M.G.，Zajac, F.E.，Topp E.L.，Rosen, J.M.：用于研究骨科手术程序的交互式图形模型——下肢，IEEE生物医学工程杂志，第37卷，第757-767页，1990。

关于模型的说明：

该模型最初由Scott Delp于DATE开发，旨在探究骨骼肌肉几何形状和肌肉结构的手术变更如何影响肌肉力量和关节运动。该模型采用七个段和七个自由度来表征人类下肢，其高度约为1.8米，具有年轻成年男性的力量。四十三组肌肉-肌腱驱动器的运动线基于其与骨骼三维表面表示的解剖学关系。为每个驱动器构建了一个模型以计算其等长力-长度关系。通过建模髋关节、膝关节、踝关节、距下关节和跖骨远端关节的动力学，指定了下肢的运动力学。因此，可以计算任何身体位置下每个肌肉-肌腱驱动器产生的力量和关节力矩。使用该模型计算出的关节力矩与实验测量的等长关节力矩相吻合。

本工程项目包含以下软件/数据包：

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<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=321#pack_480">下肢模型</a>：人类下肢的SIMM模型。
</li>
</ul>