U.S. Geological Survey Oceanographic Time Series Data Collection

The oceanographic time series data collected by U.S. Geological Survey scientists and collaborators are
served in an online database at http://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/index.html. These data were collected as
part of research experiments investigating circulation and sediment transport in the coastal ocean. The
experiments (projects, research programs) are typically one month to several years long and have been
carried out since 1975. New experiments will be conducted, and the data from them will be added to the
collection. As of 2016, all but one of the experiments were conducted in waters abutting the U.S. coast;
the exception was conducted in the Adriatic Sea. Measurements acquired vary by site and experiment;
they usually include current velocity, wave statistics, water temperature, salinity, pressure, turbidity,
and light transmission from one or more depths over a time period. The measurements are concentrated
near the sea floor but may also include data from the water column.
The user interface provides an interactive map, a tabular summary of the experiments, and a separate
page for each experiment. Each experiment page has documentation and maps that provide details of what
data were collected at each site. Links to related publications with additional information about the
research are also provided. The data are stored in Network Common Data Format (netCDF) files using the
Equatorial Pacific Information Collection (EPIC) conventions defined by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. NetCDF is a general,
self-documenting, machine-independent, open source data format created and supported by the University
Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). EPIC is an early set of standards designed to allow
researchers from different organizations to share oceanographic data. The files may be downloaded or
accessed online using the Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol (OPeNDAP). The OPeNDAP
framework allows users to access data from anywhere on the Internet using a variety of Web services
including Thematic Realtime Environmental Distributed Data Services (THREDDS). A subset of the data
compliant with the Climate and Forecast convention (CF, currently version 1.6) is also available.

美国地质调查局（U.S. Geological Survey, USGS）科学家及其合作者采集的海洋学时序数据，已托管于在线数据库http://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/index.html。此类数据是作为近海环流与沉积物输运相关研究实验的一部分获取的。相关实验（项目、研究计划）的周期通常为1个月至数年不等，自1975年起已持续开展。未来将启动新的实验项目，其采集的数据也将纳入该数据集。截至2016年，除1项实验外，其余所有实验均在美国近岸海域开展，唯一的例外实验位于亚得里亚海。各站点与实验的测量项存在差异，通常涵盖一定时间段内多个深度的流速、波浪统计特征、水温、盐度、压力、浊度及光透射率。测量数据多集中于近海底区域，但也可能包含水柱中层的观测数据。

该数据库的用户界面提供交互式地图、实验项目表格摘要，以及每个实验的专属详情页面。每个实验页面均附带文档与地图，可说明各站点的具体采集数据内容。同时还提供相关研究出版物的链接，以补充该领域的研究信息。数据以网络通用数据格式（Network Common Data Format, netCDF）存储，并遵循美国国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA）太平洋海洋环境实验室制定的赤道太平洋信息采集（Equatorial Pacific Information Collection, EPIC）规范。netCDF是由大学大气研究联合会（University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, UCAR）开发并维护的通用、自描述、跨平台、开源的数据格式。EPIC是一套早期标准，旨在帮助不同机构的研究人员共享海洋学数据。用户可通过网络数据访问协议开源项目（Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol, OPeNDAP）在线访问或下载数据文件。OPeNDAP框架支持用户通过各类Web服务（包括主题化实时环境分布式数据服务（Thematic Realtime Environmental Distributed Data Services, THREDDS））从全球任意位置获取数据。此外，还有符合气候与预报公约（Climate and Forecast convention, CF，当前版本为1.6）的数据集子集可供使用。