Performance of centralization measures across canonical graph topologies and their perturbed variants. Measures were evaluated on star, ring, and complete graphs, as well as perturbed versions with a single edge rewired or removed.

A check mark (–) indicates expected behavior for the given topology, whereas a cross (‗) indicates deviation from expectations. The final column reports the number of topologies for which each measure performed as expected (maximum = 6). Abbreviations: ABH, Assortativity-Based Hubness; ECD, Eigenvector Centrality Dispersion; NBC, Normalized Betweenness Centralization; NCC, Normalized Closeness Centralization; NDC, Normalized Degree Centralization; NDE, Normalized Degree Entropy; NDV, Normalized Degree Variance; NGC, Normalized Gini Coefficient; NHD, Normalized Hub Dominance; NHT, Normalized Hub Formation Tendency; NNC, Normalized Natural Connectivity.