UAH BG 2024 JDS Supplementary Table 1

<i>Bacillus</i>-based direct-fed microbials (DFM) are common in various production livestock diets. They have shown positive benefits on gut health, immune metrics, and production. Thus, objectives were to evaluate the effects of a <i>Bacillus</i>-based DFM on production, metabolism, inflammatory biomarkers, and gastrointestinal tract permeability during and following feed restriction in dairy cows. Results indicate that a low dose of DFM may benefit some production metrics whereas a higher dose appeared to alter key variables of immune activation.