HVN1935 YUMMI Metadata Record - Investigating the effects of cow, goat or sheep milk on nutrition and digestive comfort in older women

This metadata record and it's attached files make statements about the kinds of data collected as part of this research, and set out policies for governance of that data, now and in the future.Description: Protein and calcium are essential nutrients for older adults to help maintain muscle and bone mass, but these nutrients are often not consumed in recommended amounts. Milk is an excellent source of both protein and calcium, along with other important nutrients. Milk avoidance is often associated with poor nutrition in older adults.Older adults may avoid milk due to gastrointestinal discomfort after consuming milk, which may be caused by age-related changes in gastrointestinal function. Women may be more susceptible to these effects. However, milk from different ruminant species (for example, cow, sheep, or goat) may have different effects on gastrointestinal comfort. For instance, although cow milk is most often consumed in NZ, goat and sheep milk may be better tolerated due to different protein structures that may be easier to digest than cow milk protein. Most studies examining differences in the type of milk on nutrition intake and gastrointestinal comfort have included younger people, and are of short duration.Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of consuming different types of milk (goat, sheep, cow) on nutrition intake and gastrointestinal comfort of older adults, over 12 weeks.This research will help determine whether healthy older adults in NZ and worldwide can drink alternatives to cow milk, such as goat and sheep milk, to meet their protein, energy, vitamin, and mineral requirements with greater ease of digestion and reduced gastrointestinal discomfort.本元数据（metadata）记录及其附属文件阐明了本研究所收集的数据范畴，并制定了该数据当前及未来的数据治理规范。描述：蛋白质与钙是老年人维持肌肉与骨量的必需营养素，但此类营养素往往未达推荐摄入量。牛乳是优质的蛋白质与钙来源，同时还富含其他重要营养素。老年人回避饮用牛乳常与营养不良相关。老年人可能因饮用牛乳后出现胃肠不适而回避牛乳，此类不适可能由年龄相关的胃肠功能改变引发，女性对此类影响可能更为易感。不过，不同反刍动物来源的乳类（例如牛乳、绵羊乳或山羊乳）对胃肠舒适度的影响可能存在差异。例如，尽管新西兰（New Zealand，缩写NZ）最常饮用牛乳，但山羊乳与绵羊乳因蛋白质结构相较于牛乳蛋白更易消化，可能更易被机体耐受。目前多数探讨不同类型乳类对营养摄入及胃肠舒适度影响的研究均以年轻人为研究对象，且研究周期较短。因此，本研究旨在对比12周内饮用不同类型乳类（山羊乳、绵羊乳、牛乳）对老年人营养摄入及胃肠舒适度的影响。本研究将有助于明确新西兰及全球范围内的健康老年人能否通过饮用山羊乳、绵羊乳等牛乳替代品，以更易消化且胃肠不适更少的方式满足其蛋白质、能量、维生素及矿物质需求。