Socially segregated, sympatric sperm whale clans in the Atlantic Ocean

Sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) are unusual in that there is good evidence for sympatric populations with distinct culturally determined behaviour, including potential acoustic markers of the population division. In the Pacific, socially segregated, vocal clans with distinct dialects coexist; by contrast, geographical variation in vocal repertoire in the Atlantic has been attributed to drift. We examine networks of acoustic repertoire similarity and social interactions for 11 social units in the Eastern Caribbean. We find the presence of two socially segregated, sympatric vocal clans whose dialects differ significantly both in terms of categorical coda types produced by each clan (Mantel test between clans: matrix correlation = 0.256; p ≤ 0.001) and when using classification-free similarity which ignores defined types (Mantel test between clans: matrix correlation = 0.180; p ≤ 0.001). The more common of the two clans makes a characteristic 1 + 1 + 3 coda, while the other less ofte...抹香鲸（Sperm whale，学名*Physeter macrocephalus*）的独特之处在于，有充分证据表明其存在同域种群（sympatric populations），这些种群拥有由文化决定的独特行为，其中包含种群分化的潜在声学标记（acoustic markers）。在太平洋海域，社会隔离、拥有独特鸣唱方言的鸣唱族群（vocal clans）共存；与之形成对比的是，大西洋海域鸣唱曲目库（vocal repertoire）的地理变异被归因于文化漂变。本研究针对加勒比海东部的11个社会单元（social units），分析了其鸣唱曲目库相似性与社会互动网络。研究发现，当地存在两个社会隔离的同域鸣唱族群，二者的方言存在显著差异：一是两类族群所产生的分类定型咔哒序列（categorical coda types）各不相同（族群间曼特尔检验（Mantel test）：矩阵相关系数=0.256；p≤0.001）；二是在忽略定型类型的无分类相似性（classification-free similarity）分析中，二者同样存在显著差异（族群间曼特尔检验：矩阵相关系数=0.180；p≤0.001）。两个族群中更为常见的一类会发出特征性的“1+1+3”型定型咔哒序列，而另一类则较少……