The Northern Swedish Cohort (NoSCo)

In 1981 a longitudinal study began that includes all pupils who attended or should have attended the last year of compulsory school in the municipality of Luleå. The population consists of 1083 pupils (506 girls and 577 boys) and this group has since been followed by repeated questionnaires, but also through personal meetings, interviews, blood pressure measurements and other Health examinations. The main purpose of the survey was to study the social and medical consequences such as unemployment leads among these young people, who find themselves in the joint between school, training and employment. The questionnaire consisted of around 90 validated questions regarding social background, work situation, health, family situation, leisure time etc. The questionnaire was almost identical at all investigations. The cohort has been investigated with a comprehensive questionnaire — in 1981 (age 16 years), 1983 (age 18 years), 1986 (age 21 years), 1995 (age 30 years) and 2008 (age 43 years). Clinical measurements were performed in 1981, 1986 and 2008 and interviews were performed with key persons, such as the school nurses in 1981 and with the form teachers in 1981 and 1983. The subsample with early unemployed participants has been followed up with personal interviews since autumn 1981. Until now, they have been interviewed on average four times per person. The main topic has been the health consequences of unemployment. One of survey results was that unemployment appears to have more serious health consequences for young people than for adults and that health consequences of youth unemployment persists to some extent in adulthood. Purpose: Initially, the overall objective of the research programme was to analyse the significance of unemployment in relation to mental health in adolescence for well-being and health status into adult age.1981年启动了一项纵向研究（longitudinal study），覆盖所有曾就读或本应就读于瑞典吕勒奥（Luleå）市义务教育最后一年的学生。该研究队列（cohort）共纳入1083名学生（其中女生506名，男生577名），后续通过重复发放问卷、个人随访、访谈、血压测量及其他健康检查对该群体开展长期追踪。本调查的核心目标为探究这群处于学校、职业培训与就业衔接阶段的年轻人所面临的失业等社会与医学层面的后果。 本次研究使用的问卷包含约90道经过信效度验证的问题，内容涵盖社会背景、工作状况、健康状态、家庭情况、闲暇生活等维度，且各轮调查所使用的问卷几乎完全一致。该队列分别于1981年（受试者16岁）、1983年（18岁）、1986年（21岁）、1995年（30岁）及2008年（43岁）接受了全面的问卷调研。临床检查分别于1981年、1986年及2008年开展；访谈对象包括1981年的学校护士，以及1981年和1983年的班主任等关键知情者。其中早期失业的子队列自1981年秋季起便通过个人访谈进行专项追踪，截至目前，该子队列成员平均每人已接受4次访谈，访谈的核心主题为失业对健康的影响。 现有研究结果显示，相较于成年人，失业对青少年的健康危害更为显著，且青年时期的失业所带来的健康影响会在一定程度上持续至成年阶段。 本研究项目的初始总体目标为，分析青少年时期的失业状况对其成年后福祉与健康状态的影响意义。