Glo-CDHEs: Global compound drought and hot events monitored with multiple compound event indices from 1958 to 2024
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Compound drought and hot events (CDHEs) are occurring with increasing frequency in a warming climate, adversely affecting the water–food–energy–ecology security. However, a comprehensive understanding of their long-term trends and risk assessments has been hampered by the lack of a dedicated dataset. Here, we present the monthly global (Glo)-CDHEs dataset with long-term (1958–2024) and high spatial resolution over global land areas (excluding Antarctica). The dataset incorporates two primary drought/heat indices (standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized temperature index (STI)) and three compound event indices (including standardized dry and hot index (SDHI), standardized compound event index (SCEI), and blended dry and hot index (BDHI)) at 1–3-month time scales. The Glo-CDHEs dataset was derived from three distinct products: the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) at a spatial resolution of 0.5°×0.5°, the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis (ERA5) at a spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25°, and TerraClimate at a spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25°. We evaluated the Glo-CDHEs dataset for capturing the dynamics of CDHEs in 2024, and assessed the changes in severity, frequency, and spatial extent of CDHEs across different compound event indices. Results showed that the Glo-CDHEs dataset successfully reproduced the spatiotemporal dynamics of CDHEs in 2024, such as in the Yangtze River, Europe, North America, South America, and South Africa. Moreover, the Glo-CDHEs dataset revealed that CDHEs had increased in severity, frequency, and spatial extent over global land areas. This trend was particularly pronounced in regions, such as western North America, eastern South America, Europe, Central Africa, south-eastern Asia, and southern Australia. Overall, our dataset advances the understanding of global CDHE patterns and dynamics and informs the development of targeted management and response strategies related to CDHEs. For any inquiry about the dataset, welcome to contact Dr. Haijiang Wu (haijiangwu@nwafu.edu.cn) and Dr. Xiaoling Su (xiaolingsu@nwafu.edu.cn).
