2020 United States Presidential Election

This dataset contains the tweet ids of 295,670,111 tweets related to the 2020 United States Presidential Election. They were collected during 2020 and 2021 from the Twitter API using Social Feed Manager. See each collection's README for dates of collection, accounts, and hashtags used in queries. These tweet ids are broken up into eleven collections. Each collection was collected either from the GET statuses/user_timeline method of the Twitter REST API (retrieved on a weekly schedule) or the POST statuses/filter method of the Twitter Stream API. The collections are: Democratic candidates (Twitter user timeline): democratic-candidate-timelines.txt Republican candidates (Twitter user timeline): republican-candidate-timelines.txt Democratic candidates filter (Twitter filter): democratic-candidate-filter-ids-[00-17].txt Republican candidates filter (Twitter filter): republican-candidate-filter-ids-[00-06].txt Election 2020 hashtags (Twitter filter): election2020-filter-ids-[00-01].txt Democratic Convention (Twitter filter): democratic-convention-filter-ids.txt Republican Convention (Twitter filter): republican-convention-filter-ids.txt First presidential debate (Twitter filter): first-debate-ids.txt Second presidential debate (Twitter filter): second-debate-ids.txt Vice Presidential debate (Twitter filter): vp-debate-filter-ids.txt Election Day (Twitter filter): electionday-filter-ids.txt There is a README.txt file for each collection containing additional documentation on how it was collected. The GET statuses/lookup method supports retrieving the complete tweet for a tweet id (known as hydrating). Tools such as Twarc or Hydrator can be used to hydrate tweets. Per Twitter’s Developer Policy, tweet ids may be publicly shared for academic purposes; tweets may not. For tweets collected from the Twitter filter stream, this is not a complete set of tweets that match the filter. Gaps may exist because: Twitter limits the number of tweets returned by the filter at any point in time. Social Feed Manager stops and starts the Twitter filter stream every 30 minutes. In Social Feed Manager, collecting is turned off while a user is making changes to the collection criteria. There were some operational issues, e.g., network interruptions and maintenance, during the collection period. Questions about this dataset can be sent to [e-mail]. George Washington University researchers should contact us for access to the full tweets.本数据集包含295,670,111条与2020年美国总统选举相关的推文ID（tweet ids），于2020年至2021年间通过社交Feed管理器（Social Feed Manager）从Twitter API采集获得。 有关各采集集的采集日期、涉及账号及查询所用话题标签（hashtags），请查阅各采集集的README文件。 本数据集的推文ID共分为11个采集集，每个采集集均通过以下两种方式之一采集：一是采用Twitter REST API的GET statuses/user_timeline接口（按周定时获取），二是采用Twitter Stream API的POST statuses/filter接口。 各采集集具体如下： 民主党候选人（Twitter用户时间线）：democratic-candidate-timelines.txt 共和党候选人（Twitter用户时间线）：republican-candidate-timelines.txt 民主党候选人过滤（Twitter过滤流）：democratic-candidate-filter-ids-[00-17].txt 共和党候选人过滤（Twitter过滤流）：republican-candidate-filter-ids-[00-06].txt 2020年大选话题标签（Twitter过滤流）：election2020-filter-ids-[00-01].txt 民主党全国代表大会（Twitter过滤流）：democratic-convention-filter-ids.txt 共和党全国代表大会（Twitter过滤流）：republican-convention-filter-ids.txt 首场总统辩论（Twitter过滤流）：first-debate-ids.txt 第二场总统辩论（Twitter过滤流）：second-debate-ids.txt 副总统辩论（Twitter过滤流）：vp-debate-filter-ids.txt 大选投票日（Twitter过滤流）：electionday-filter-ids.txt 每个采集集均附带README.txt文件，其中包含有关其采集方式的补充说明文档。 GET statuses/lookup接口支持通过推文ID获取完整推文内容（该过程称为水化（hydrating）），可使用Twarc或Hydrator等工具完成推文水化操作。 根据Twitter开发者政策，推文ID可出于学术用途公开共享，但完整推文内容不可公开。 对于通过Twitter过滤流采集的数据集，其并非匹配过滤条件的完整推文集合，存在数据缺口的原因如下： 1. Twitter会限制任意时刻过滤接口返回的推文数量； 2. 社交Feed管理器每30分钟便会停止并重启Twitter过滤流； 3. 当用户对采集集的筛选条件进行修改时，社交Feed管理器会暂停采集； 4. 采集期间曾出现部分运行故障，例如网络中断、系统维护等。 有关本数据集的疑问可发送至邮箱[e-mail]。乔治华盛顿大学的研究人员可联系我们获取完整推文内容。