Impact of Malnutrition, Sarcopenia, and Frailty on Postoperative Short-Term Complications and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Gastric Malignancy

This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare the impact of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty on postoperative complications and long-term survival in gastric cancer patients, to identify the most clinically applicable assessment tool. We included 264 patients with pathologically confirmed gastric malignancy who underwent surgical resection between January 2020 and December 2022. All patients underwent preoperative assessments for malnutrition (NRS 2002), sarcopenia (PMI), and frailty (MFI-5). Postoperative complications and 3-year survival rates were systematically recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified all three conditions as independent risk factors for postoperative complications.本项回顾性队列研究旨在比较营养不良、肌肉减少症（sarcopenia）、衰弱（frailty）对胃癌患者术后并发症及长期生存的影响，以筛选临床适用性最优的评估工具。本研究纳入2020年1月至2022年12月间接受手术切除、经病理证实为胃恶性肿瘤的264例患者。所有患者术前均完成相关评估：营养不良采用营养风险筛查2002（NRS 2002）、肌肉减少症采用PMI、衰弱采用MFI-5。术后并发症及3年生存率均得到系统记录。单因素与多因素分析结果显示，上述三种状态均为术后并发症发生的独立危险因素。