Plan for the prevention of natural hazards of La Balme-de-Thuy (Haute-Savoie) — approved on 03/05/1999

The COVADIS data standard for risk prevention plans includes all the technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of geographical data represented in the risk prevention plans (RPPs). The major risks consist of the eight main natural hazards foreseeable in the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, terrain movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: nuclear risk, industrial risk, risk of transport of hazardous materials and risk of dam failure. The Risk Prevention Plans (PPR) were established by the Act of 2 February 1995 on strengthening the protection of the environment. The PPR tool is part of the Law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP is the responsibility of the State. It is decided by the Prefect. Whether natural, technological or multi-hazard, risk prevention plans have similarities. They contain three categories of information: • Regulatory mapping translates into a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas in which specific regulations apply. These regulations are easement and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that fully covers the study area. • The hazards at the origin of the risk are contained in hazard documents which may be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different intensity levels of each hazard considered in the risk prevention plan. • The issues identified during the preparation of the RPP can also be annexed to the approved document in the form of maps. These similarities between the different types of PPR and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, sufficiently generic to process the different types of risk prevention plan (natural risk prevention plans PPRN, technological risk prevention plans PPRT) This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk prevention plan dossier. The scope of this document is limited to geographical data in the RPPs, whether regulatory or not. Nor is the PPR standard intended to standardise knowledge of hazards. The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of the geographical data of the RPPs, since these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries responsible for agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and on the other hand, sustainable development.用于风险预防计划的COVADIS数据标准，涵盖了风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，缩写RPPs）中所涉及地理数据的数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。 本标准覆盖的主要风险包含本国境内可预见的八大类自然灾害与四大类技术灾害：前者包括洪水、地震、火山喷发、地面移动、海岸灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴；后者涵盖核风险、工业风险、危险货物运输风险以及溃坝风险。 风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，缩写PPR）由1995年2月2日发布的《加强环境保护法案》确立。该风险预防计划工具属于1987年7月22日《民用安全组织、森林防火与重大风险预防法案》的组成部分。 风险预防计划（RPP）的编制工作由国家负责，并由省长审批决定。 无论风险类型为自然灾害、技术灾害还是多灾害复合，各类风险预防计划均存在共性，其包含三类信息： • 监管制图可明确风险所涉区域的地理边界。该边界划定了适用专项法规的区域范围，此类法规属于限制性地役权范畴，并会依据区域承受的灾害等级制定差异化要求。上述区域通过覆盖全部研究区域的分区规划图进行标注展示。 • 风险源灾害信息收录于灾害文档中，此类文档可嵌入编制报告或作为附件附于风险预防计划（RPP）之后，用于标注风险预防计划中所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级。 • 风险预防计划（RPP）编制过程中识别出的相关问题，也可通过地图形式作为附件附于获批文件之后。 鉴于不同类型风险预防计划（PPR）间存在共性，且业界期望实现风险预防计划数据的高水平标准化，COVADIS最终选择采用单一数据标准，该标准具备足够的通用性，可适配各类风险预防计划，包括自然风险预防计划（Natural Risk Prevention Plans，缩写PPRN）与技术风险预防计划（Technological Risk Prevention Plans，缩写PPRT）。 本数据标准并非对风险预防计划档案的完整建模，其适用范围仅涵盖风险预防计划（RPPs）中的地理数据，无论此类数据是否具备监管属性。 此外，该风险预防计划标准也并非旨在统一灾害相关知识。其核心目标是为风险预防计划（RPPs）的地理数据实现同质化存储提供规范描述，因为此类数据分别受到农业、生态与可持续发展领域的多个政府部门关注。