Data for: Tripling of the Superconducting Critical Current Density in BaFe2(As(1-x)Px)2 Retained After Pressure Release

Superconducting performance is tunable not only via chemical modification or defect engineering, but also through external parameters such as pressure, though this method remains less readily accessible. In this work, we study how compression influences vortex dynamics and critical currents in an iron-based superconductor. Specifically, we perform magnetization measurements using an off-the-shelf pressure cell to investigate the effects of hydrostatic pressures up to 1.08 GPa on the magnetic properties of BaFe$_2$(As$_{0.62}$P$_{0.38}$)$_2$ crystals across a range of temperatures $T$ and magnetic fields $H$. Although these pressures minimally affect the superconducting critical temperature, they produce a clear increase in the critical current density $J_c(T,H)$, a pronounced reduction in the rate of thermally activated vortex motion $S(T,H)$, and can change the dominant vortex pinning mechanism. Furthermore, the effects of pressure are irreversible: after pressurization and subsequent release at room temperature, high-density microcracks are observed and the crystals retain their enhanced critical current densities. The second magnetization peak vanishes above 18 K after the pressure cycle, which we attribute to a transition from predominantly $\delta \kappa$ pinning to a mixed mechanism of $\delta T_c$ and surface pinning. Lastly, a threefold increase in $J_c$, a more than 40\% reduction in $S$ at 8~K and 0.5~T, and an expanded elastic-creep region were achieved after $1-2$ pressure cycles. These findings demonstrate the potential utility of pressure cycling for improving $J_c$, which may offer a simpler alternative to approaches such as chemical doping or the introduction of artificial pinning centers. This dataset includes Python code used to process the data and Origin files (.opju) that contain data spreadsheets for all the samples and figures used in this paper, which can be opened using Origin Viewer, a free application that permits viewing and copying of data contained in Origin project files.超导性能不仅可通过化学修饰或缺陷工程实现调控，亦可借助压力等外部参数进行调谐，不过该方法目前仍较难普及应用。本研究以铁基超导体（iron-based superconductor）为对象，探究压缩作用对其涡旋动力学（vortex dynamics）与临界电流（critical current）的影响。具体而言，我们采用商用压力池（off-the-shelf pressure cell）开展磁化强度测量，探究最高1.08 GPa的静水压（hydrostatic pressure）在不同温度T与磁场H条件下，对BaFe₂(As₀.₆₂P₀.₃₈)₂单晶磁学性能的影响。尽管该静水压对超导临界温度几乎无影响，却能显著提升临界电流密度$J_c(T,H)$，大幅降低热激活涡旋运动速率$S(T,H)$，并可改变主导的涡旋钉扎机制（vortex pinning mechanism）。此外，压力调控的效应具有不可逆性：在室温下完成加压与卸压后，单晶仍维持提升后的临界电流密度。经压力循环处理后，22 K处的第二磁化峰消失，我们将其归因于主导钉扎机制从以$\delta\kappa$钉扎（$\delta\kappa$ pinning）为主，转变为$\delta T_c$钉扎（$\delta T_c$ pinning）与表面钉扎（surface pinning）的混合机制。最终，在1~2次压力循环后，于8 K、0.5 T条件下，$J_c$实现三倍提升，$S$则降低40%以上。本研究结果表明，压力循环技术在提升$J_c$方面具有应用潜力，可为化学掺杂（chemical doping）或引入人工钉扎中心（artificial pinning centers）等方法提供更为简便的替代方案。 本数据集包含用于数据处理的Python代码，以及包含本文所有样品与图表数据表格的Origin文件（.opju）。此类文件可通过免费应用Origin Viewer打开，该工具支持查看并复制Origin项目文件中的数据。