REFORMISM IN TURKESTAN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY: EDUCATION AND NATIONAL ISSUES
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The article analyzes the role of the reform movement that emerged in Turkestan at the beginning of the 20th century in modernizing education, shaping national identity, and developing ideas of social progress. School reforms, new educational literature, press activities, and views on national issues promoted by the Jadid and reformist intelligentsia serve as an important theoretical source for today’s spiritual and educational policy. Reformism in Turkestan is considered not only as an educational phenomenon but also as a complex process closely connected with national consciousness, cultural awakening, and political thinking. It is substantiated that the reform movement gave a strong impetus to the formation of modern education, national unity, and social activity in Turkestan.
