Data from: Population assignment in autopolyploids

Understanding patterns of contemporary gene dispersal within and among populations is of critical importance to population genetics and in managing populations for conservation. In contrast to diploids, there are few studies of gene dispersal in autopolyploids, in part due to complex polysomic inheritance and genotype ambiguity. Here we develop a novel approach for population assignment for codominant markers for autotetraploids and autohexaploids. This method accounts for polysomic inheritance, unreduced gametes and unknown allele dosage. It can also utilize information regarding the origin and genotype of one parent for population assignment of maternal or paternal parents. Using simulations, we demonstrate that our approach achieves high levels of accuracy for assignment even when population divergence is low (FST ~ 0.06) and with only twelve microsatellite loci. We also show that substantially higher accuracy is achieved when known maternal information is utilized, regardless of whether allele dosage is known. Although this novel method exhibited near identical levels of accuracy to Structure when population divergence was high, it performed substantially better for most parameters at moderate (FST = 0.06) to low levels of divergence (FST = 0.03). These methods fill an important gap in the toolset for autopolyploids and pave the way for investigating contemporary gene dispersal in a widespread group of organisms.解析种群内部及种群间的当代基因扩散模式，对于种群遗传学研究以及保育种群管理均具有至关重要的意义。与二倍体生物相比，当前针对同源多倍体（autopolyploids）基因扩散的研究仍较为匮乏，这在一定程度上源于其复杂的多体遗传模式与基因型歧义性。本研究针对同源四倍体与同源六倍体的共显性标记，开发了一种全新的种群归属分析方法。该方法可适配多体遗传、不减数配子以及未知等位基因剂量等复杂场景，此外还可利用单一亲本的起源信息与基因型，完成母本或父本的种群归属判定。通过模拟实验验证，即便在种群遗传分化水平较低（FST≈0.06）且仅使用12个微卫星位点（microsatellite loci）的场景下，本方法仍可实现较高的种群归属判定准确率。研究同时表明，无论是否已知等位基因剂量，只要引入已知母本信息，即可显著提升判定准确率。尽管在种群分化程度较高时，该新方法的准确率与Structure软件近乎持平，但在中等分化水平（FST=0.06）至低分化水平（FST=0.03）的场景下，其在多数参数上的表现均显著更优。该方法填补了同源多倍体研究工具集的重要空白，为广泛类群生物的当代基因扩散模式研究铺平了道路。