Dragonflies in the Gesäuse National Park

The aim of this thesis is to collect the current dragonfly population in the Gesäuse National Park and to describe the danger situation and to propose measures. The investigation area comprises 14 study areas in the Talso as well as on the mountainous areas of the National Park. They were selected by the National Park Gesäuse GmbH, Department of Nature Conservation/Natural Space. A two-time mapping of the study areas was carried out between June 2009 and August 2010, recording individual dragonfly individuals and collecting and documenting exuvia. The finds were placed in maps provided by the National Park Gesäuse GmbH. In total, 30 dragonfly species were detected during the mappings in the Gesäuse National Park. Proof of down-to-earthness could be obtained in 10 species. The dragonfly waters of the study areas of the Paltenspitz, the Drahbank, the Neuburgmoor and the Haselkaralm are considered particularly valuable. Almost exclusively secondary habitats such as film pond plants or the renaturation area at the Paltenspitz of dragonflies were colonised on the test areas in the valley area. As development waters, the Enns and their shores may be completely excluded because of the strong current as dragonfly habitat. In the mountain areas, reproduction of dragonflies in the area of the Neuburgmoor and on the Haselkaralm could be provided. Individual individuals could also be detected at the numerous alpine pastures. An impairment of the dragonfly habitats in the national park and its surroundings is currently mainly due to the grazing of sensitive habitats, e.g. waterfront areas of ponds, and bogs, with cattle treading and grazing of the shore vegetation. Recreational tourism could have a negative impact on dragonfly habitats in nearby waters.本研究旨在调查格绍伊泽国家公园（Gesäuse National Park）当前的蜻蜓种群状况，梳理其生存威胁现状并提出针对性保护举措。调查范围涵盖该国家公园内塔尔索（Talso）区域及山地地带的14个样地，由格绍伊泽国家公园有限责任公司（National Park Gesäuse GmbH）自然保护与自然空间部遴选确定。2009年6月至2010年8月期间，研究团队对全部样地开展了两次系统调查：现场计数蜻蜓个体，并采集、记录其蜕壳（exuvia）。所有调查发现均标注于该公司提供的专用地图中。 本次调查共在格绍伊泽国家公园内记录到30种蜻蜓，其中10个物种的定居繁殖情况得到证实。帕尔滕斯皮茨（Paltenspitz）、德拉赫班克（Drahbank）、诺伊堡沼泽（Neuburgmoor）及哈瑟卡尔阿尔姆（Haselkaralm）区域的蜻蜓栖息水域被认定为极具保护价值的生境。河谷区域的样地中，蜻蜓几乎仅栖息于次生栖息地，例如帕尔滕斯皮茨区域的池塘附生植被及生态修复区。恩斯河（Enns）作为开发性河道，因其水流湍急，完全不适宜作为蜻蜓栖息地。山地区域中，诺伊堡沼泽及哈瑟卡尔阿尔姆区域的蜻蜓繁殖行为均得到证实，多处高山牧场也记录到了零星蜻蜓个体。 当前，该国家公园及周边区域的蜻蜓栖息地主要面临两类威胁：一是牲畜踩踏与啃食岸带植被，对池塘滨水区、沼泽等敏感栖息地造成破坏；二是休闲旅游活动对周边水域的蜻蜓栖息地产生负面影响。