Supplementary information files for Macroinvertebrate taxonomic and functional trait compositions within lotic habitats affected by river restoration practices

Supplementary files for article Macroinvertebrate taxonomic and functional trait compositions within lotic habitats affected by river restoration practices. The widespread degradation of lotic ecosystems has prompted extensive river restoration efforts globally, but many studies have reported modest ecological responses to rehabilitation practices. The functional properties of biotic communities are rarely examined within post-project appraisals, which would provide more ecological information underpinning ecosystem responses to restoration practices and potentially pinpoint project limitations. This study examines macroinvertebrate community responses to three projects which aimed to physically restore channel morphologies. Taxonomic and functional trait compositions supported by widely occurring lotic habitats (biotopes) were examined across paired restored and non-restored (control) reaches. The multivariate location (average community composition) of taxonomic and functional trait compositions differed marginally between control and restored reaches. However, changes in the amount of multivariate dispersion were more robust and indicated greater ecological heterogeneity within restored reaches, particularly when considering functional trait compositions. Organic biotopes (macrophyte stands and macroalgae) occurred widely across all study sites and supported a high alpha (within-habitat) taxonomic diversity compared to mineralogical biotopes (sand and gravel patches), which were characteristic of restored reaches. However, mineralogical biotopes possessed a higher beta (between-habitat) functional diversity, although this was less pronounced for taxonomic compositions. This study demonstrates that examining the functional and structural properties of taxa across distinct biotopes can provide a greater understanding of biotic responses to river restoration works. Such information could be used to better understand the ecological implications of rehabilitation practices and guide more effective management strategies.本文献附属补充文件：受河流修复实践影响的流水生境（lotic habitat）中大型无脊椎动物（macroinvertebrate）的分类学与功能性状（functional trait）组成。 全球范围内，流水生态系统的广泛退化催生了大规模河流修复行动，但诸多研究显示，修复实践带来的生态响应较为有限。项目后评估环节极少考量生物群落的功能属性，而这类信息能够为理解生态系统对修复实践的响应提供更多生态学依据，还有助于精准识别修复项目的局限性。 本研究针对三项旨在物理修复河道形态的河流修复项目，探究了大型无脊椎动物群落的响应情况。针对广泛分布的生境单元（biotope）所支撑的分类学与功能性状组成，本研究在成对设置的修复河段与未修复（对照）河段间开展了对比分析。分类学与功能性状组成的多元位置（即平均群落组成）在对照河段与修复河段间仅存在小幅差异。但多元离散度的变化则呈现出更显著的差异，表明修复河段内的生态异质性更高，尤其在考量功能性状组成时这一特征更为明显。 有机生境单元（大型水生植物群落与大型藻类斑块）在所有研究样地均广泛分布，相较于作为修复河段典型特征的矿物生境单元（沙砾斑块），其支撑的α多样性（alpha diversity，生境内分类学多样性）更高。但矿物生境单元的β多样性（beta diversity，生境间功能多样性）更高，不过这一差异在分类学组成中并不显著。 本研究表明，针对不同生境单元内类群的功能与结构属性开展分析，能够加深我们对生物群落响应河流修复工程的理解。这类信息可用于更深入理解修复实践的生态学效应，并为制定更高效的管理策略提供指导。