Respiratory pressure and split flow data collection device with rapid expiratory shuttering

The venturi-based flow meter utilises split inspiratory and expiratory flow pathways, for greater configurability with additional respiratory monitoring or simulation devices, as well for ease of data processing. The venturi is designed to be integrated in series with respiratory circuitry, using standard 22mm male and female connections. In its current application the inspiratory input port (22mm male connection) is connected to a CPAP device using its accompanying circuitry (or is unconnected when CPAP is not required), the expiratory output port vents to atmosphere (22mm female connection), and the subject port (22mm male connection) is connected to a mouthpiece, filter, or mask. Differential Pressure Sensors were also upgraded (SSCDRRN001PD2A5) to capture larger flow ranges (seen in maximal breaths and panting). Additionally, a modular expiratory shutter attachment is outlined for identification of passive respiratory mechanics. Specifically, the rapid expiratory shuttering allows for breath-wise identification of elastance and resistance during shutter instances. Thus, eliminating the issue of trade-off associated with the simultaneous fitting of elastance and resistance to expiratory profiles. Ultimately, the device provides researchers with: - Rapid expiratory occlusion for identification of passive lung mechanics - A low-cost alternative to commercial sensor systems - Individual inspiratory and expiratory flow pathways - Non-invasive data collection - A modular design with high customisability基于文丘里原理的流量计（Venturi-based flow meter）采用分离式吸气与呼气流路设计，可与额外的呼吸监测或模拟设备实现更高配置灵活性，同时便于数据处理。该文丘里装置采用标准22mm公头与母头接口，设计为可与呼吸回路串联集成。在当前应用场景中，吸气输入端口（22mm公头接口）通过配套回路连接至持续气道正压通气（CPAP）设备（无需CPAP时可空置）；呼气输出端口（22mm母头接口）向大气排放；受试者端口（22mm公头接口）则连接至咬嘴、过滤器或面罩。差分压力传感器（Differential Pressure Sensors，型号SSCDRRN001PD2A5）也进行了升级，以覆盖更大的流量范围（适用于最大呼吸与急促呼吸场景）。此外，本设计还提出了模块化呼气挡板附件方案，用于识别被动呼吸力学特性。具体而言，快速呼气挡板动作可在挡板触发时段逐次识别呼吸的弹性阻力与气道阻力，由此可解决同时拟合呼气曲线的弹性阻力与气道阻力时存在的权衡取舍问题。最终，该设备可为研究者提供以下优势： - 快速呼气阻断功能，用于识别被动肺力学特性 - 相较于商用传感器系统的低成本替代方案 - 独立的吸气与呼气流路设计 - 无创数据采集能力 - 模块化设计，具备高度可定制性