Acid production from food waste with starting culture from rumen and mesophilic biogas plants differs from thermophilic-, and sludge-treating biogas plants

Current production of animal rood products carries a substantial environmental footprint in terms: of land use (75 % of agricultural land), biodiversity loss, water footprint, eutrophication, and greenhouse gas (ClH emissions. The environmental impact of animal production could be reduced by switching to more sustainable sources of animal feed as well as Imre efficient nutrient recycling in the food production system: to minimize losses of fixed nitrogen, phosphorous, and trace minerals. Yeast biomass is a promising alternative to conventional sources of animal feed and has excellent nutritional qualities and a potentially lower environmental footprint. However, sustainable large-scale yeast cultivation for animal feed is limited by the availability of standardized feedstocks. Food waste is a potential source of abundant feedstock for yeast cultivation but due to the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of the waste (carbohydrate, protein, and lipid content), it cannot be used as a generic feedstock without pm-processing. This project aims to improve the use of natural resources and reduce the negative impacts of consumption on society, the environment, and the climate through more efficient recycling of food waste into animal feed. This is achieved through a novel two-stage process for the production of yeast-based animal feed from food waste by first converting the raw food waste into acetate using anaerobic hydrolysis coupled with bacterial acetogenesis. Acetate and residual nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, trace minerals) are then used to cultivate yeast aerobically. Since both microbial processes are performed in closed systems (bioreactors), nutrient losses can be Mill in the feed while maximizing water conservation. The feed properties of the yeast biomass will be analyzed for the content of amino acids, fatty acids, and vitamins as well as feed properties in different aquaculture systems. The environmental impact of the feed will be evaluated using life cycle analysis (LCA) and compared to conventional aquaculture systems. The environmental benefits of nutrient recycling within the process will be determined through comparisons with established food waste management practices (composting, biogas production). The project aims to reduce the number of steps between waste treatment and rood production chain while simultaneously creating defined biological, chemical, and mechanical barriers to reduce the risk of re-circulating recalcitrant pathogenic elements such as peons.