SANITARY-HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF WORKING CONDITIONS AMONG WORKERS IN HORTICULTURE AND VITICULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Horticulture and viticulture are labor-intensive branches of agriculture where workers are often exposed to unfavorable environmental and occupational factors, including high air temperature, solar radiation, dust, pesticides, mineral fertilizers, physical overload, repetitive movements, and awkward working postures. These factors may negatively affect workers’ health, reduce work capacity, and increase the risk of occupational and work-related diseases. The main focus is placed on identifying potential sanitary-hygienic problems in farm working conditions and justifying the need for preventive measures. Improving occupational hygiene in horticulture and viticulture requires rational organization of work and rest regimes, provision of clean drinking water, use of personal protective equipment, safe handling of pesticides, improvement of sanitary and household facilities, regular medical examinations, and systematic training of workers in occupational safety.