Aluminium and cadmium concentrations in cocoa powder sampled in German Food Monitoring (GFM) 2005–2015 grouped by theoretical concentration-related geographical origins.

N sample number, SD standard deviation, P95 percentile 95. All cocoa powder samples analysed for aluminium and cadmium had quantifiable concentrations. Methods used for analysis: Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) or Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). GFM codes: aluminium ss-1813000, cadmium ss-1848000, cocoa powder el-450401. Mean concentrations of all samples, origin A and origin B are compared. For both, aluminium and cadmium, considering Grouping 1 and 2, there are statistically significant differences in mean substance concentrations between all samples and origin B, all samples and origin A as well as origin B and origin A according to Kruskal-Wallis test (p ≤ 0.05).