CMS Open Payments Data

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Open Payments dataset provides a comprehensive, national disclosure of financial relationships between applicable manufacturers, group purchasing organizations (GPOs), and healthcare providers (physicians and teaching hospitals).

This dataset promotes transparency in the healthcare system by detailing payments and transfers of value. It is segmented into three primary domains:

- **General Payments:** Payments not made in connection with a research agreement (e.g., consulting fees, travel, food, speaking engagements, honoraria).
- **Research Payments:** Payments made for research, including funding for clinical trials and pre-clinical research.
- **Ownership and Investment Interests:** Information about the value of ownership or investment interests held by physicians or their immediate family members in medical manufacturers.

This data is essential for organizations monitoring compliance, analyzing healthcare market dynamics, and investigating potential conflicts of interest in patient care.

原始信息汇总

根据您提供的HTML内容，以下是该数据集的详细总结：

数据集：CMS Open Payments Data

• 提供商: Element Data
• 价格: 免费，无限制访问
• 描述: 该数据集来自美国医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心（CMS），提供药品制造商、集团采购组织（GPO）与医疗保健提供者（医生和教学医院）之间财务关系的全面、全国性披露。其核心目的是提高医疗系统的透明度，详细记录付款和价值转移情况。

数据域

数据集主要分为三个核心领域：

1. 一般付款 (General Payments): 与研究协议无关的付款（例如咨询费、差旅费、食品、演讲费、酬金）。
2. 研究付款 (Research Payments): 为研究支付的款项，包括临床试验和临床前研究的资助。
3. 所有权和投资权益 (Ownership and Investment Interests): 医生或其直系亲属在医疗器械制造商中持有的所有权或投资权益价值。

业务应用场景

该数据集适用于以下业务场景：

• 欺诈、浪费和滥用检测 (FWA Detection): 识别异常付款模式或处方行为与制造商报酬之间的潜在利益冲突。
• 合规与风险管理 (Compliance & Risk Management): 监控《阳光法案》合规性，确保内部遵守行业礼品和付款限额。
• 市场情报与战略 (Market Intelligence & Strategy): 分析竞争对手支出模式，识别特定治疗领域的关键意见领袖 (KOL)，优化供应商外联策略。
• 医疗保健研究 (Healthcare Research): 支持关于财务激励如何影响患者护理、药品定价和处方决策的学术及机构研究。

数据字典与结构

该数据集包含三个主要数据表：

• VW_OP_DTL_GNRL: 一般付款详情表
• VW_OP_DTL_OWNRSHP: 所有权和投资权益详情表
• VW_OP_DTL_RSRCH: 研究付款详情表

数据集共包含 91 列，关键字段示例包括：

字段名称	数据类型	描述
CHANGE_TYPE	Varchar	变更类型
COVERED_RECIPIENT_TYPE	Varchar	收款人类型 (如 医生、非医师执业者、教学医院)
TEACHING_HOSPITAL_NAME	Varchar	教学医院名称
COVERED_RECIPIENT_FIRST_NAME	Varchar	收款人名字
COVERED_RECIPIENT_LAST_NAME	Varchar	收款人姓氏
RECIPIENT_PRIMARY_BUSINESS_STREET_ADDRESS_LINE1	Varchar	收款人主要业务街道地址
RECIPIENT_CITY	Varchar	收款人所在城市
RECIPIENT_STATE	Varchar	收款人所在州
RECIPIENT_COUNTRY	Varchar	收款人所在国家
SUBMITTING_APPLICABLE_MANUFACTURER_OR_APPLICABLE_GPO_NAME	Varchar	提交信息的制造商或GPO名称
APPLICABLE_MANUFACTURER_OR_APPLICABLE_GPO_MAKING_PAYMENT_NAME	Varchar	进行付款的制造商或GPO名称
TOTAL_AMOUNT_OF_PAYMENT_USDOLLARS	Number	付款总金额 (美元)
DATE_OF_PAYMENT	Date	付款日期
NUMBER_OF_PAYMENTS_INCLUDED_IN_TOTAL_AMOUNT	Number	包含在总金额中的付款笔数
FORM_OF_PAYMENT_OR_TRANSFER_OF_VALUE	Varchar	付款或价值转移形式 (如 现金或等价物、实物物品和服务)
NATURE_OF_PAYMENT_OR_TRANSFER_OF_VALUE	Varchar	付款或价值转移性质 (如 餐饮、差旅和住宿)
PHYSICIAN_OWNERSHIP_INDICATOR	Boolean	医生所有权指示器

使用示例

提供了SQL查询示例，用于按年份识别总付款额排名前10的制造商：

sql SELECT SUBMITTING_APPLICABLE_MANUFACTURER_OR_APPLICABLE_GPO_NAME, SUM(TOTAL_AMOUNT_OF_PAYMENT_USDOLLARS) AS Total_Spend_USD, COUNT(Record_ID) AS Total_Transactions FROM VW_OP_DTL_GNRL WHERE EXTRACT(YEAR FROM Date_of_Payment) = 2024 GROUP BY SUBMITTING_APPLICABLE_MANUFACTURER_OR_APPLICABLE_GPO_NAME ORDER BY Total_Spend_USD DESC LIMIT 10;

其他元数据

• 更新频率: 每年 (Annually)
• 时间覆盖: 基于事件 (Event-based)
• 类别: 健康与生命科学 (Health and Life Sciences)
• 交付方式: 安全共享 (Secure share)
• 法律条款: 标准 (Standard)