Risk of poverty or social exclusion

Purpose and brief description "EU-SILC" (European Union - Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) is a European survey on income and living conditions and an important tool to map poverty and social exclusion at Belgian and European level. In Belgium, the EU-SILC survey is organised by Statbel. Every year, about 6,000 households (or 11,000 people) are surveyed and followed up for a maximum of four consecutive years. In the SILC survey, social exclusion is regarded as the result of several factors such as income, employment, health and education level. The survey is carried out in Belgium and in the other EU Member States and is coordinated by Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In Belgium, the SILC is organised by Statbel. Population Private households Data collection method and sample size CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interview) - CATI (Compter Assisted Telephone Interview). Respons ± 60% (N= ± 6,500 households). Frequency Annually. Timing publication First quarter after survey year Questionaires Silc Questionnaires: Individuals Silc Questionnaires: ménage Definitions Calculation of the monetary poverty risk (AROP) The poverty threshold is set at 60 % of the median disposable income at individual level. It is calculated as follows: 60 % of 22,784 euros per year equals to a threshold of 13,670 euros per year or 1,139 euros per month for a single person. For households, this threshold is not simply multiplied by the number of household members. Considering that household members share costs and expenditures, a factor of 0.5 is applied to a second adult in a household in the calculation of the poverty threshold, and a factor of only 0.3 is applied to children (<14 years). The poverty threshold for a household consisting of two adults and two children is therefore obtained by multiplying the threshold of single people by a factor of 2.1 [(€13,670 *2.1)/12 = €2,392 per month]. This factor of 2.1 is calculated by assigning a weight of 1 to the head of the household, of 0.5 to the second adult of the household and of 0.3 to each child. Households with low work intensity (LWI) These are the households where adults (aged 18 to 59, excluding students) have worked on average less than one fifth of the time during the reference year. Material deprivation (SMD): details of the indicator People considered as "severely materially deprived" are confronted with at least four of the nine following situations: they cannot afford to pay rent or utility bills, to keep their home adequately warm, to face unexpected expenses, to eat meat, fish or a protein equivalent every second day, to go on a one-week holiday away from home, to have a car, a washing machine, a colour TV or a telephone. European poverty indicator: AROPE (At Risk of Poverty or Social Exclusion) This indicator is derived from the three indicators mentioned above (AROP, LWI, SMD). If one or more of the conditions are met, i.e. if the household in which the person lives is characterised by low income and/or low work intensity and/or severe material deprivation, that person is considered at risk of poverty and/or social exclusion (multidimensional poverty). Level of education The level of education is measured using a detailed questionnaire, and the people are then divided into three groups. Low-skilled people are people who list lower secondary education as their highest level of education. Medium-skilled people are people who obtained a diploma of higher secondary education but not of higher education. High-skilled people obtained a diploma of higher education. More definitions... Comments 2013: break in the series for the unemployed 2016 to 2018: figures revised on 12/03/2020 2019: time series break due to a major reform of the survey SILC 2020: Impact of the COVID-19 crisis on SILC 2020 results SILC 2021: From SILC 2021, real property withholding tax will be included in disposable income. Legislation EU-SILC 2004 to 2020 was implemented under a framework regulation, mandatory for all EU Member States: REGULATION (EC) No 1177/2003 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 16 June 2003 concerning Community statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) From SILC 2021 onwards there is the REGULATION (EU) 2019/1700 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL. This framework regulation for integrated European Social Statistics (IESS) and the underlying implementing regulations for EU-SILC constitute the new legal framework. The development of the statistical infrastructure under IESS is supported by European grants. Reports and articles Quality reports Preparation for the revision of EU-SILC : Testing of rolling modules in EU-SILC 2017 Poverty indicators at NUTS-2 level by Small Area Estimation Using registers in BE-SILC to construct income variables Drawing of the SILC 2016 sample: stratification for Brussels with tax quantiles一、项目概况与研究目的 欧盟收入与生活条件统计（EU-SILC，European Union - Statistics on Income and Living Conditions）是一项针对收入与生活条件的欧洲调查，也是比利时与欧盟层面描绘贫困与社会排斥图景的重要工具。在比利时，EU-SILC调查由Statbel负责组织。每年约有6000户家庭（即约11000名受访者）参与调查，并最多连续追踪四年。在SILC调查中，社会排斥被视为收入、就业、健康与教育水平等多重因素共同作用的结果。该调查在比利时及其他欧盟成员国开展，由欧盟统计局（Eurostat）统筹协调。在比利时，SILC调查由Statbel负责组织。 二、调查总体 私人家庭 三、数据收集方法与样本量 采用计算机辅助个人访谈（CAPI，Computer Assisted Personal Interview）与计算机辅助电话访谈（CATI，Computer Assisted Telephone Interview）。响应率约60%，有效样本量约6500户。 调查频率：每年一次。 发布时间：调查次年第一季度。 四、调查问卷 EU-SILC个人问卷；EU-SILC家庭问卷 五、指标定义 1. 货币贫困风险（AROP）测算 贫困线设定为个人层面可支配收入中位数的60%。以单人家庭为例，年收入中位数的60%对应年贫困线13670欧元，即月贫困线1139欧元。对于家庭而言，贫困线并非简单按家庭成员数量倍增。考虑到家庭成员共享成本与开支，家庭中第二位成年人的贫困线测算权重设为0.5，14岁以下儿童的权重设为0.3。因此，由两名成年人与两名儿童组成的家庭，其贫困线为单人家庭贫困线的2.1倍[(€13670 × 2.1)/12 = €2392/月]。该2.1倍权重的计算方式为：户主权重为1，家庭中第二位成年人权重为0.5，每名儿童权重为0.3。 2. 低劳动强度家庭（LWI） 此类家庭指18至59岁的成年人（不含学生）在参考年度内的平均劳动时长不足总可劳动时长的五分之一。 3. 物质匮乏（SMD）：指标细则 被认定为"严重物质匮乏"的群体，无法负担以下九项开支或生活条件中的至少四项：支付房租或水电费、维持住宅适宜温度、应对突发开支、隔日摄入肉类、鱼类或等量蛋白质食物、离家进行为期一周的度假、拥有汽车、洗衣机、彩色电视机或固定电话。 4. 欧盟贫困指标：贫困与社会排斥风险（AROPE） 该指标由前述三项指标（AROP、LWI、SMD）衍生而来。若满足以下一项或多项条件，即个人所在家庭存在低收入、低劳动强度或严重物质匮乏中的至少一种情况，则该个人被认定为处于贫困与/或社会排斥风险中（即多维贫困）。 5. 教育水平划分 教育水平通过详细问卷进行测算，并将受访者划分为三类：低技能群体指最高教育程度为初中教育的人群；中等技能群体指拥有高中阶段文凭但未接受高等教育的人群；高技能群体指拥有高等教育文凭的人群。 更多定义…… 六、备注 2013年：失业群体相关序列出现断点； 2016至2018年：数据于2020年3月12日完成修订； 2019年：因SILC调查进行重大改革，时间序列出现断点； 2020年：新冠疫情危机对2020年SILC调查结果的影响； 2021年：自2021年SILC调查起，不动产预扣税将被纳入可支配收入核算。 七、法规依据 2004至2020年的EU-SILC调查依据一项适用于所有欧盟成员国的框架法规实施：《欧洲议会与欧盟理事会2003年6月16日关于收入与生活条件社区统计的第1177/2003号（EC）法规》。自2021年SILC调查起，适用《欧洲议会与欧盟理事会2019/1700号（EU）法规》。该针对欧洲整合社会统计（IESS）的框架法规，以及配套的EU-SILC实施细则，共同构成了全新的法律框架。欧洲整合社会统计（IESS）框架下的统计基础设施建设，由欧盟拨款提供支持。 八、报告与学术文章 质量报告 《EU-SILC修订筹备：2017年EU-SILC滚动模块测试》 《基于小区域估计的NUTS-2级贫困指标》 《利用比利时EU-SILC登记数据构建收入变量》 《2016年SILC调查样本抽取：基于税收分位数的布鲁塞尔分层方案》