The feasibility of a behavioral group intervention after weight-loss surgery: A randomized pilot trial

Background
Formal psychosocial support programs after weight-loss surgery are limited in scope and availability.
Objective
This randomized pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a postoperative behavioral intervention program.
Materials and methods
Postoperative weight-loss surgery patients (N = 50) were recruited from February 2017–July 2017 and randomized to a four-month behavioral program or usual care wait-list. Outcomes evaluated in addition to feasibility included health-related quality of life (Short Form -36), psychosocial functioning and adherence. Secondary outcomes included within-group changes for each outcome.
Results
Out of eight possible sessions, intervention participants attended a mean of 4.2 sessions. Intervention group participants experienced greater improvements in the social functioning domain of health-related quality of life compared to usual care. Self-reported dietary adherence in the intervention group remained stable, while usual care group dietary adherence declined. Within the intervention group, participants also reported gains in the physical function, pain and general health aspects of quality life from baseline to post-treatment. No differences in weight, mood or other eating behaviors (e.g., loss of control, emotional eating) were evident between groups.
Conclusion
Though participation in a postoperative behavioral intervention varied, the program helped participants to maintain aspects of quality of life and self-reported adherence to dietary recommendations.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03092479