Durable Solutions Analysis Survey: West Darfur State, 2021 - Sudan

Abstract
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Protracted and new displacements of large numbers of people as well as complex conflict dynamics continue to be a major issue in Darfur. In 2020, an estimated 2.5 million people were internally displaced and close to 400,000 Darfuris refugees resided in neighbouring countries. The political transition following years of conflict paved the way for the signing of the Juba Peace Agreement (JPA) in 2020. The peace agreement aims to address the root causes of conflict but also establishes durable solutions for displaced populations as a necessity for lasting peace in Darfur. In 2021, the Government furthermore initiated work on a National Strategy on Solutions, which will offer a critical strategic framework and operational roadmap towards solutions for displaced communities in Sudan.

In 2017, the Government of Sudan (GoS) and the international community agreed on the need to collectively support Durable Solutions for IDPs, returnees, and their host communities to end the situation of protracted displacement. The collaboration on Durable Solutions between the GoS and international community resulted in two Durable Solution pilots in respectively El Fasher (North Darfur) and Um Dukhun (Central Darfur). JIPS provided technical support for the scale-up of the durable solutions analysis across Darfur under the Central Emergency Relief Fund (CERF).

Focusing on nine localities, including urban areas, the data collection exercises build directly on the durable solutions analysis approach piloted in El Fasher in 2019. The Durable Solutions Working Group (DSWG) identified a joint evidence base and a collaborative approach as priorities and therefore undertook a joint area-based profiling exercise, focusing on the Abu Shouk and El Salaam IDP camps on the outskirts of El Fasher.

The focus was set on profiling of IDPs (in camp settlements and out of camps), IDP returnees, refugee returnees, and non-displaced. The profiling exercises are aimed at:
i.Informing CERF programming and Action Plan development in each state/locality;
ii.Provide the baseline of the agreed upon CERF outcome/output indicators (for later measurement of impact); and
iii.Inform broader UNHCR programming beyond the Fund.

Geographic coverage
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El-Geneina locality in West Darfur. Considering the difference in the geographic context (urban vs. rural) within El-Geneina, it was agreed to divide El-Geneina into two separate clusters (urban and rural) and treat them as separate entities. Hence, each cluster is considered as a locality within El-Geneina.

Analysis unit
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Households

Universe
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All IDP returnees, refugee returnees, IDPs in camps and out of camps, and non-displaced populations across El Genaina.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The methodology followed a systematic simple random sampling approach, through which the households were treated as the primary sampling unit. The sample size for each target group was identified proportionately based on the group's population size. The sampling is designed to produce results representative for each target group in the targeted area of the locality. Analysis at the settlement level is not possible. The selection of settlements included in each locality is based on a prioritization by partner agencies and local partners based on the programmatic scope of the CERF. The data is thus not representative of whole locality, but the specific geographic scope targeted within the locality.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Cleaning operations
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Some households with over 14 members have had individuals removed from their household roster due to anonymization techniques.

摘要
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大量人群的长期迁徙以及复杂的冲突动态持续成为达尔富尔地区的主要问题。2020年，约有250万人内部流离失所，近40万达尔富尔难民居住在邻近国家。经过多年冲突后的政治过渡，为2020年签署朱巴和平协议（JPA）铺平了道路。该和平协议旨在解决冲突的根本原因，同时也为流离失所的人口建立持久解决方案，以实现达尔富尔地区持久的和平。2021年，政府进一步启动了国家解决方案战略的工作，该战略将提供关键的战略框架和操作路线图，以解决苏丹流离失所社区的难题。

2017年，苏丹政府（GoS）和国际社会达成共识，需要集体支持流离失所者、返乡者和其东道主社区的持久解决方案，以结束长期流离失所的状况。苏丹政府与国际社会在持久解决方案方面的合作产生了两个持久解决方案试点项目，分别位于北达尔富尔的埃尔法舍尔和中央达尔富尔的乌姆杜库恩。国际紧急救援基金（CERF）下，JIPS为达尔富尔地区持久解决方案分析的扩大提供了技术支持。

数据收集活动聚焦于包括城市地区在内的九个地区，直接基于2019年在埃尔法舍尔试点的持久解决方案分析方法。持久解决方案工作组（DSWG）将联合证据基础和协作方法视为优先事项，因此开展了基于区域的联合情况分析，重点关注埃尔法舍尔郊区的阿布舒克和埃尔萨拉姆流离失所营地。

分析的重点是流离失所者（包括营地内外的定居点和营地外）、流离失所者返乡者、难民返乡者和非流离失所者。情况分析旨在：
i. 为每个州/地区的CERF项目规划和行动计划提供信息；
ii. 提供协议中CERF结果/输出指标的基线（用于后续影响评估）；
iii. 为基金以外的更广泛的联合国难民署（UNHCR）规划提供信息。

地理覆盖范围
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西达尔富尔的埃尔-根埃纳地区。鉴于埃尔-根埃纳地区地理背景（城市与乡村）的差异，一致同意将埃尔-根埃纳划分为两个独立的集群（城市和乡村），并作为独立的实体对待。因此，每个集群被视为埃尔-根埃纳地区内的一个地区。

分析单位
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家庭

总体
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所有流离失所者返乡者、难民返乡者、营内和营外流离失所者以及埃尔根埃纳地区的非流离失所人口。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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采用系统简单随机抽样方法，将家庭视为一级抽样单位。每个目标群体的样本量按比例确定，基于该群体的人口规模。抽样设计旨在产生在目标地区具有代表性的每个目标群体的结果。在定居点层面的分析是不可能的。每个地区包括的定居点的选择基于合作伙伴机构和当地合作伙伴根据CERF项目范围进行优先排序。因此，数据不代表整个地区，但代表该地区内特定地理范围的针对性。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

数据清洗操作
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一些拥有超过14名成员的家庭因匿名化技术而将个人从其家庭名单中删除。