Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2023OCTS_17

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 112 previously unknown pulsars among which 18 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least 1-2 year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. Apart from this, finding the nature of a unique binary pulsar system via a dedicated observing campaign is also another goal. The follow-up timing in semester 2023OCTS will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals.

本申请旨在为HTRU-S巡天低银道面天区（HTRU-S LowLat）与帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey, PMPS）的再处理工作中发现的新脉冲星，申请计时观测项目所需的观测时长。我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测工作，并基于GPU的相干加速搜寻、模板库及快速折叠算法流程完成了零加速模式下的PMPS搜寻，现已发现112颗此前未被发现的脉冲星，其中18颗来自PMPS巡天。新发现的脉冲星通常仅在完成证认并开展后续计时观测项目后，才能产生具有科学价值的研究成果。若要完整表征任意一颗新发现脉冲星的物理特性，至少需要1至2年的初始计时观测时长，这是推导脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度、自转减慢速率等关键参数，以及探测可能由辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为的必要前提。本项目需对多颗具备科研价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，涵盖双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure, DM）脉冲星、散射轮廓脉冲星，以及在UWL波段具备更宽辐射带宽的亮脉冲星。除此之外，通过专属观测项目揭示某一独特双星脉冲星系统的物理本质，亦是本项目的另一科研目标。2023OCTS观测学期的后续计时观测，将助力完成多项极具价值的长期科研目标。