‘Greening’ the GDP: A New International Database on Green GDP 1970-2019

This paper presents an updated and unique database of Green GDP indicators across countries and time that will allow many stakeholders to address a rich set of questions and relevant issues in green topics and development economics. It should enable governments, economic or environmental analysts and researchers to compare the level of socio-economic development and the structure of the environmental factors within the economic position of a specific country with other countries in the region or countries. Produced on the background of standard methodological algorithm, i.e. statistical approach of calculation, commonly used variables, and unbiased comparability with the GDP measurement, this database provides accurate information complementary to existing globally important databases, as it assures cross-country comparison and broad country coverage. The database also provides an extensive time series on Green GDP dynamics, as this information has not been previously easily available on cross-county scale for such an extended period. The new database currently covers 160 countries (ranging from underdeveloped to developed countries) on a yearly basis, and is presented in nominal value, hence could be easily transformed to its real values. Taken together, the database can thus provide a complete picture of the aggregated state of green economy aspirations. The implementation of this measurement framework is not influenced by the statistical capacity of a country, therefore, could be promoted to a standard statistical position that is a reliable, cost effective and resource efficient way of guiding sustainability issues across a diversity of economic and social policies. In that way, it becomes a consistent and easily accessible database. The originality of this database arises from the fact it bridged the research gap in economics, by developing a secure and dynamic dataset for Green GDP data storage, and by providing a facility for efficient processing of sustainability issues, as the accessibility of ‘green information’ will be no longer a problem.本文提出了一套更新且独具特色的跨国跨时段绿色国内生产总值（Green GDP）指标数据库，可助力众多利益相关方深入探讨绿色主题与发展经济学领域的一系列丰富议题与相关问题。 该数据库能够支持各国政府、经济或环境分析师以及研究人员，在特定国家的经济地位框架下，对比其社会经济发展水平与环境因素结构，并与区域内其他国家或全球各国开展比较。 本数据库基于标准方法学流程构建，即采用标准化的统计计算方法、通用变量设定，以及与国内生产总值（GDP）统计口径一致的无偏可比性原则，可为现有全球重要数据库提供精准补充信息，同时保障跨国比较的可行性与广泛的国家覆盖范围。 此外，该数据库还提供了覆盖长时段的绿色国内生产总值动态时序数据——此前尚无如此大规模跨国家、长周期的同类数据可供便捷获取。 当前，这套新数据库涵盖160个国家（涵盖欠发达国家至发达国家）的年度数据，以名义值形式呈现，可便捷转换为实际值。 综合来看，该数据库能够完整展现全球绿色经济发展愿景的全貌。 本测算框架的实施不受各国统计能力的限制，因此可推广为一套可靠、经济高效且资源节约的标准统计体系，为多元经济与社会政策中的可持续发展议题提供指导。 借此，该数据库得以成为一套统一且易于获取的数据集。本数据库的创新性在于填补了经济学领域的研究空白：一方面构建了安全且动态的绿色国内生产总值数据存储体系，另一方面提供了高效处理可持续发展议题的工具，使得‘绿色信息’的可及性不再成为制约因素。