High-Intensity Interval Training in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Abstract Heart transplantation (HTx) is considered an efficient and gold-standard procedure for patients with end-stage heart failure. After surgery, patients have lower aerobic power (VO2max) and compensatory hemodynamic responses. The aim of the present study was to assess through a systematic review with meta-analysis whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can provide benefits for those parameters. This is a systematic review with meta-analysis, which searched the databases and data portals PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and Wiley until December 2016 (pairs). The following terms and descriptors were used: “heart recipient” OR “heart transplant recipient” OR ”heart transplant” OR “cardiac transplant” OR “heart graft”. Descriptors via DeCS and Mesh were: “heart transplantation’’ OR “cardiac transplantation”. The words used in combination (AND) were: “exercise training” OR “interval training” OR “high intensity interval training” OR “high intensity training” OR “anaerobic training” OR “intermittent training” OR “sprint training”. The initial search identified 1064 studies. Then, only those studies assessing the influence of HIIT on the post-HTx period were added, resulting in three studies analyzed. The significance level adopted was 0.05. Heart transplant recipients showed significant improvement in VO2peak, heart rate and peak blood pressure in 8 to 12 weeks of intervention.

心脏移植（Heart transplantation, HTx）被视为终末期心力衰竭患者的高效金标准治疗术式。术后患者的最大有氧能力（VO2max）与代偿性血流动力学反应均出现下降。本研究旨在通过结合荟萃分析的系统综述，评估高强度间歇训练（High-intensity interval training, HIIT）能否为该类患者的上述指标带来获益。本研究为一项纳入荟萃分析的系统综述，检索了PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Science Direct及Wiley等数据库与数据门户，检索时限截至2016年12月。本次检索使用的关键词与主题词包括：“心脏受体” OR “心脏移植受体” OR “心脏移植” OR “心脏移植术” OR “心脏移植物”；通过DeCS与MeSH选用的主题词为：“心脏移植” OR “心脏移植术”；采用AND逻辑组配的关键词为：“运动训练” OR “间歇训练” OR “高强度间歇训练” OR “高强度训练” OR “无氧训练” OR “间歇性训练” OR “冲刺训练”。初始检索共筛选出1064项研究，随后仅纳入评估HIIT对心脏移植术后阶段影响的相关研究，最终纳入3项研究进行分析。本研究设定的显著性检验水准为0.05。经8至12周的干预后，心脏移植受体的峰值摄氧量（VO2peak）、心率及峰值血压均得到显著改善。